1Uno di quei giorni, mentre insegnava al popolo nel tempio ed evangelizzava, sopraggiunsero i capi dei sacerdoti e gli scribi con gli anziani, e gli parlarono così:2«Dicci con quale autorità fai queste cose, o chi ti ha dato questa autorità».3Ed egli rispose loro: «Anch’io vi farò una domanda. Ditemi:4il battesimo di Giovanni veniva dal cielo o dagli uomini?»5Ed essi ragionavano così tra di loro: «Se diciamo: “Dal cielo”, egli ci dirà: “Perché non gli credeste?”6Ma se diciamo: “Dagli uomini”, tutto il popolo ci lapiderà, perché è persuaso che Giovanni fosse un profeta».7E risposero di non sapere da dove venisse.8Gesù disse loro: «Neppure io vi dico con quale autorità faccio queste cose».
Parabola dei vignaiuoli
9Poi cominciò a dire al popolo questa parabola: «Un uomo piantò una vigna, la affittò a dei vignaiuoli e se ne andò in viaggio per molto tempo.10Al tempo della raccolta mandò un servo da quei vignaiuoli perché gli dessero una parte del frutto della vigna; ma i vignaiuoli, dopo averlo percosso, lo rimandarono a mani vuote.11Egli mandò un altro servo; ma dopo aver percosso e insultato anche questo, lo rimandarono a mani vuote.12Egli ne mandò ancora un terzo; e quelli, dopo aver ferito anche questo, lo scacciarono.13Allora il padrone della vigna disse: “Che farò? Manderò il mio diletto figlio; forse a lui porteranno rispetto”.14Ma quando i vignaiuoli lo videro, fecero tra di loro questo ragionamento: “Costui è l’erede; uccidiamolo, affinché l’eredità diventi nostra”.15E lo cacciarono fuori dalla vigna e lo uccisero. Dunque che cosa farà loro il padrone della vigna?16Verrà e sterminerà quei vignaiuoli, e darà la vigna ad altri». Essi, udito ciò, dissero: «Non sia mai!»17Ma egli li guardò in faccia e disse: «Che significa dunque ciò che sta scritto: “La pietra che i costruttori hanno rifiutata è quella che è diventata pietra angolare”[1]?18Chiunque cadrà su quella pietra si sfracellerà, ed essa stritolerà colui sul quale cadrà».19In quella stessa ora gli scribi e i capi dei sacerdoti cercarono di mettergli le mani addosso, ma temettero il popolo; perché capirono che egli aveva detto quella parabola per loro.
Il tributo a Cesare
20Si misero a osservare Gesù e gli mandarono delle spie che fingessero di essere giusti per coglierlo in fallo su una sua parola e consegnarlo, così, all’autorità e al potere del governatore.21Costoro gli fecero una domanda: «Maestro, noi sappiamo che tu parli e insegni rettamente, e non hai riguardi personali, ma insegni la via di Dio secondo verità.22Ci è lecito, o no, pagare il tributo a Cesare?»23Ma egli, accortosi del loro tranello, disse loro:24«Mostratemi un denaro. Di chi porta l’effigie e l’iscrizione?» Ed essi dissero: «Di Cesare».25Ed egli a loro: «Rendete dunque a Cesare quello che è di Cesare, e a Dio quello che è di Dio».26Essi non poterono coglierlo in fallo davanti al popolo; e, meravigliati della sua risposta, tacquero.
Dibattito sulla risurrezione
27Poi si avvicinarono alcuni sadducei[2], i quali negano che ci sia risurrezione, e lo interrogarono, dicendo:28«Maestro, Mosè ci ha prescritto: “Se il fratello di uno muore, avendo moglie ma senza figli, il fratello di lui ne prenda la moglie e dia una discendenza a suo fratello[3]”.29C’erano dunque sette fratelli. Il primo prese moglie e morì senza figli.30Il secondo pure la sposò,31poi il terzo; e così, fino al settimo, morirono senza lasciare figli.32Infine morì anche la donna.33Nella risurrezione, dunque, di chi sarà moglie quella donna? Perché tutti e sette l’hanno avuta per moglie».34Gesù disse loro: «I figli di questo mondo sposano e sono sposati,35ma quelli che saranno ritenuti degni di aver parte al mondo avvenire e alla risurrezione dai morti non prendono né danno moglie;36neanche possono più morire perché sono simili agli angeli e sono figli di Dio, essendo figli della risurrezione.37Che poi i morti risuscitino, lo dichiarò anche Mosè nel passo del pruno, quando chiama il Signore, Dio di Abraamo, Dio di Isacco e Dio di Giacobbe[4].38Ora, egli non è Dio di morti, ma di vivi; perché per lui tutti vivono».39Alcuni scribi, rispondendo, dissero: «Maestro, hai detto bene».40E non osavano più fargli alcuna domanda.
Gesù e gli scribi
41Ed egli disse loro: «Come mai si dice che il Cristo è Figlio di Davide?42Poiché Davide stesso, nel libro dei Salmi, dice: “Il Signore ha detto al mio Signore: ‘Siedi alla mia destra,43finché io abbia posto i tuoi nemici come sgabello dei tuoi piedi’”[5].44Davide dunque lo chiama Signore; come può essere suo figlio?»45Mentre tutto il popolo lo ascoltava, egli disse ai {suoi} discepoli:46«Guardatevi dagli scribi, a cui piace passeggiare in lunghe vesti, e che amano i saluti nelle piazze, i primi seggi nelle sinagoghe e i primi posti nei conviti;47essi divorano le case delle vedove e fanno lunghe preghiere per mettersi in mostra. Costoro riceveranno una condanna maggiore».
Luca 20
Elberfelder Bibel
di SCM Verlag1Und es geschah an einem der Tage, als er das Volk im Tempel lehrte und ⟨die⟩ gute Botschaft verkündigte, da traten die Hohen Priester und die Schriftgelehrten mit den Ältesten herbei2und sprachen zu ihm und sagten: Sage uns, in welcher Vollmacht tust du diese Dinge? Oder wer ist es, der dir diese Vollmacht gegeben hat?3Er aber antwortete und sprach zu ihnen: Auch ich will euch ein Wort fragen; und sagt mir:4War die Taufe des Johannes vom Himmel oder von Menschen?5Sie aber überlegten miteinander und sprachen: Wenn wir sagen: vom Himmel, so wird er sagen: Warum habt ihr ihm nicht geglaubt? (Mat 21,32)6Wenn wir aber sagen: von Menschen, so wird das ganze Volk uns steinigen, denn es ist überzeugt, dass Johannes ein Prophet ist. (Lu 1,76; At 5,26)7Und sie antworteten, sie wüssten nicht, woher. (1Co 1,19)8Und Jesus sprach zu ihnen: So sage auch ich euch nicht, in welcher Vollmacht ich dies tue. (Mat 21,33; Mar 12,1)
Gleichnis von den Weingärtnern
9Er fing aber an, zu dem Volk dieses Gleichnis zu sagen: Ein Mensch pflanzte einen Weinberg und verpachtete ihn an Weingärtner und reiste für lange Zeit außer Landes.10Und zur bestimmten Zeit sandte er einen Knecht[1] zu den Weingärtnern, damit sie ihm von der Frucht des Weinbergs gaben; die Weingärtner aber schlugen ihn und schickten ihn leer fort. (Is 5,7; Ger 7,25)11Und er fuhr fort und sandte einen anderen Knecht[2]; sie aber schlugen auch den und behandelten ihn verächtlich und schickten ihn leer fort. (Is 5,7; Ger 7,25)12Und er fuhr fort und sandte einen dritten; sie aber verwundeten auch diesen und warfen ihn hinaus. (Is 5,7; Ger 7,25)13Der Herr des Weinbergs aber sprach: Was soll ich tun? Ich will meinen geliebten Sohn senden; vielleicht, wenn sie diesen sehen, werden sie sich scheuen. (Eb 1,1)14Als aber die Weingärtner ihn sahen, überlegten sie miteinander und sagten: Dieser ist der Erbe; lasst uns ihn töten, dass das Erbe unser wird. (Giov 11,53)15Und als sie ihn aus dem Weinberg hinausgeworfen hatten, töteten sie ihn. Was wird nun der Herr des Weinbergs ihnen tun? (Giov 19,17)16Er wird kommen und diese Weingärtner umbringen und den Weinberg anderen geben. Als sie aber ⟨das⟩ hörten, sprachen sie: Auf keinen Fall! (Mat 22,7)17Er aber sah sie an und sprach: Was ist denn das, was geschrieben steht: »Der Stein, den die Bauleute verworfen haben, der ist zum Eckstein[3] geworden«? (Sal 118,22)18Jeder, der auf jenen Stein fällt, wird zerschmettert werden; auf wen er aber fallen wird, den wird er zermalmen. (Is 8,15; Da 2,44)19Und die Hohen Priester und die Schriftgelehrten suchten zu dieser Stunde die Hände an ihn zu legen – und sie fürchteten das Volk –, denn sie erkannten, dass er dieses Gleichnis auf sie hin gesagt hatte. (Mat 22,15; Mar 12,13; Lu 19,47)
Die Frage nach der Steuer
20Und sie beobachteten ⟨ihn⟩ und sandten Auflauerer aus, die sich stellten, als ob sie Gerechte wären, damit sie ihn bei einem Wort fassten, sodass sie ihn der Obrigkeit und der Macht des Statthalters überliefern konnten. (Sal 12,3; Lu 6,7; Giov 8,6)21Und sie fragten ihn und sagten: Lehrer, wir wissen, dass du recht redest und lehrst und die Person nicht ansiehst, sondern den Weg Gottes in Wahrheit lehrst. (At 10,34)22Ist es uns erlaubt, dem Kaiser Steuer zu geben oder nicht?23Aber er nahm ihre Arglist wahr und sprach zu ihnen:[4]24Zeigt mir einen Denar! Wessen Bild und Aufschrift hat er? Sie aber antworteten und sprachen: Des Kaisers.25Er aber sprach zu ihnen: Gebt daher dem Kaiser, was des Kaisers ist, und Gott, was Gottes ist! (Lu 23,2)26Und sie konnten ihn in ⟨seinem⟩ Wort vor dem Volk nicht fassen; und sie verwunderten sich über seine Antwort und schwiegen. (Sal 31,19; Mat 22,23; Mar 12,18)
Die Frage nach der Auferstehung
27Es kamen aber einige der Sadduzäer[5] herbei, die einwenden, es gebe keine Auferstehung, und fragten ihn28und sagten: Lehrer, Mose hat uns geschrieben: Wenn jemandes Bruder stirbt, der eine Frau hat und kinderlos ist, dass sein Bruder die Frau nimmt und seinem Bruder Nachkommenschaft[6] erweckt.29Es waren nun sieben Brüder. Und der erste nahm eine Frau und starb kinderlos;30und der zweite31und der dritte nahm sie; so ⟨ging es weiter⟩, aber alle sieben[7], sie hinterließen keine Kinder und starben.32Zuletzt aber starb auch die Frau.33In der Auferstehung nun, wessen Frau von ihnen wird sie sein? Denn die sieben hatten sie zur Frau.34Und Jesus sprach zu ihnen: Die Söhne dieser Welt[8] heiraten und werden verheiratet;35die aber, die für würdig gehalten werden, jener Welt[9] teilhaftig zu sein und der Auferstehung aus den Toten, heiraten nicht, noch werden sie verheiratet; (Fili 3,11)36denn sie können auch nicht mehr sterben, denn sie sind Engeln gleich und sind Söhne Gottes, da sie Söhne der Auferstehung sind. (Ap 21,4)37Dass aber die Toten auferweckt werden, hat auch Mose beim Dornbusch angedeutet, wenn er den Herrn »den Gott Abrahams und den Gott Isaaks und den Gott Jakobs« nennt. (Eso 3,6)38Er ist aber nicht der Gott von Toten, sondern von Lebenden; denn für ihn leben alle. (Ap 20,12)39Einige der Schriftgelehrten aber antworteten und sprachen: Lehrer, du hast gut gesprochen.40Denn sie wagten nicht mehr, ihn über irgendetwas zu befragen. (Mat 22,41; Mat 22,46; Mar 12,35)
Die Frage nach dem Christus
41Er aber sprach zu ihnen: Wie sagen sie, dass der Christus Davids Sohn sei; (Ger 33,15; Giov 7,42)42und David selbst sagt im Buch der Psalmen: »Der Herr sprach zu meinem Herrn: Setze dich zu meiner Rechten, (Lu 22,69)43bis ich deine Feinde zum Schemel deiner Füße lege«? (Sal 110,1)44David also nennt ihn Herr. Und wie ist er sein Sohn? (Mat 23,1; Mar 12,38)
Warnung vor den Schriftgelehrten
45Während aber das ganze Volk zuhörte, sprach er zu seinen Jüngern:46Hütet euch vor den Schriftgelehrten, die in langen Gewändern einhergehen wollen und die Begrüßungen auf den Märkten lieben und die ersten Sitze in den Synagogen und die ersten Plätze bei den Gastmählern; (Lu 11,43)47die die Häuser der Witwen verschlingen und zum Schein lange Gebete halten! Diese werden ein schwereres Gericht empfangen. (Mat 10,15; Mar 12,41)
1One day, as Jesus[1] was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes with the elders came up (Mat 21,23; Mar 11,27; Lu 19,47; At 4,1; At 6,12)2and said to him, “Tell us by what authority you do these things, or who it is that gave you this authority.” (Eso 2,14; Giov 1,25; At 4,7)3He answered them, “I also will ask you a question. Now tell me,4was the baptism of John from heaven or from man?” (Lu 15,18; Lu 15,21; Giov 3,27)5And they discussed it with one another, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?’ (Mat 21,32; Lu 7,30)6But if we say, ‘From man,’ all the people will stone us to death, for they are convinced that John was a prophet.” (Mat 11,9; Giov 5,35)7So they answered that they did not know where it came from.8And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”
The Parable of the Wicked Tenants
9And he began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard and let it out to tenants and went into another country for a long while. (Sal 80,8; Cc 8,11; Is 5,1; Mat 21,28; Mat 21,33; Mat 25,14; Mar 12,1; Mar 13,34)10When the time came, he sent a servant[2] to the tenants, so that they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. (2Cr 24,19; 2Cr 36,15; Ne 9,26; Ger 37,15; Ger 38,6; Mat 5,12; Mat 22,6; Mat 23,34; Mat 23,37; Lu 20,9; At 7,52; 2Co 11,24; 1Te 2,15; Eb 11,36)11And he sent another servant. But they also beat and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. (Mat 22,4; Lu 20,10; At 5,41)12And he sent yet a third. This one also they wounded and cast out. (Lu 20,10)13Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son; perhaps they will respect him.’ (Mat 3,17)14But when the tenants saw him, they said to themselves, ‘This is the heir. Let us kill him, so that the inheritance may be ours.’ (1Re 21,19; Giov 1,11; Ro 8,17; Eb 1,2)15And they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? (Eb 13,12)16He will come and destroy those tenants and give the vineyard to others.” When they heard this, they said, “Surely not!” (Mat 8,11; Mat 21,43; Mat 24,50; Mat 25,19; Lu 19,27; At 13,46; At 18,6; At 28,28)17But he looked directly at them and said, “What then is this that is written: “‘The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’?[3] (Sal 118,22; Mar 10,21; At 4,11; 1P 2,7)18Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, and when it falls on anyone, it will crush him.” (Is 8,14; Da 2,34; Da 2,44; Ro 9,32; 1P 2,8)
Paying Taxes to Caesar
19The scribes and the chief priests sought to lay hands on him at that very hour, for they perceived that he had told this parable against them, but they feared the people. (Lu 19,47)20So they watched him and sent spies, who pretended to be sincere, that they might catch him in something he said, so as to deliver him up to the authority and jurisdiction of the governor. (1Re 14,6; Mat 22,15; Mat 27,2; Mat 27,11; Mat 28,14; Mar 3,2; Mar 12,13; Lu 11,54; Lu 14,1; Lu 20,26; At 23,24)21So they asked him, “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach rightly, and show no partiality,[4] but truly teach the way of God. (At 10,34; At 13,10; At 18,25)22Is it lawful for us to give tribute to Caesar, or not?” (Mat 17,25; Lu 2,1; Lu 3,1)23But he perceived their craftiness, and said to them, (1Co 3,19; 2Co 4,2; 2Co 11,3; 2Co 12,16; Ef 4,14)24“Show me a denarius.[5] Whose likeness and inscription does it have?” They said, “Caesar’s.” (Mat 18,28)25He said to them, “Then render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” (Ro 13,7)26And they were not able in the presence of the people to catch him in what he said, but marveling at his answer they became silent. (Lu 20,20)
Sadducees Ask About the Resurrection
27There came to him some Sadducees, those who deny that there is a resurrection, (Mat 3,7; Mat 16,1; Mat 22,34; At 4,1; At 4,2; At 5,17; At 23,6; At 23,8)28and they asked him a question, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife but no children, the man[6] must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother. (De 25,5)29Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died without children.30And the second31and the third took her, and likewise all seven left no children and died.32Afterward the woman also died.33In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife will the woman be? For the seven had her as wife.”34And Jesus said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage, (Mat 24,38; Lu 10,6; Lu 16,8; Lu 17,27; Lu 20,35)35but those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and to the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage, (Mat 22,8; Mar 10,30; Lu 18,30; Lu 20,34; At 5,41; 2Te 1,5; 2Te 1,11)36for they cannot die anymore, because they are equal to angels and are sons of God, being sons[7] of the resurrection. (Gen 1,26; Sal 82,6; Lu 10,6; Ro 8,19; Ro 8,23; 1Co 15,52; 1Co 15,54; Eb 2,7; Eb 2,9; Ap 21,4)37But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed, in the passage about the bush, where he calls the Lord the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob. (Eso 3,1; Eso 3,6; Eso 3,15; Lu 20,28; At 7,32)38Now he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for all live to him.” (Ro 6,11; Ro 14,7; 2Co 5,15; Ga 2,19; 1Te 5,10; Eb 9,14; 1P 4,2)39Then some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, you have spoken well.” (Mat 22,34; Mar 12,28)40For they no longer dared to ask him any question. (Mat 22,46; Mar 12,34)
Whose Son Is the Christ?
41But he said to them, “How can they say that the Christ is David’s son? (Mat 1,1; Mat 1,17; Mat 22,41; Mar 12,35)42For David himself says in the Book of Psalms, “‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, (Sal 110,1; At 2,34; 1Co 15,25; Eb 1,13; Eb 10,13)43until I make your enemies your footstool.”’ (At 7,49)44David thus calls him Lord, so how is he his son?” (Ro 1,3)
Beware of the Scribes
45And in the hearing of all the people he said to his disciples, (Mat 23,1; Mat 23,5; Mar 12,38; Lu 11,43)46“Beware of the scribes, who like to walk around in long robes, and love greetings in the marketplaces and the best seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at feasts, (Lu 14,7)47who devour widows’ houses and for a pretense make long prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation.” (Mat 6,5; Mat 6,7; Lu 11,39; Lu 16,14)
Luca 20
King James Version
1And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,2And spake unto him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?3And he answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer me:4The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men?5And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then believed ye him not?6But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet.7And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was.8And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.9Then began he to speak to the people this parable; A certain man planted a vineyard, and let it forth to husbandmen, and went into a far country for a long time.10And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.11And again he sent another servant: and they beat him also, and entreated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.12And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out.13Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.14But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir: come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.15So they cast him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore shall the lord of the vineyard do unto them?16He shall come and destroy these husbandmen, and shall give the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.17And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?18Whosoever shall fall upon that stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.19And the chief priests and the scribes the same hour sought to lay hands on him; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he had spoken this parable against them.20And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.21And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly:22Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?23But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?24Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.25And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.26And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.27Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him,28Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.29There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.30And the second took her to wife, and he died childless.31And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.32Last of all the woman died also.33Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.34And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage:35But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage:36Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.37Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.38For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.39Then certain of the scribes answering said, Master, thou hast well said.40And after that they durst not ask him any question at all.41And he said unto them, How say they that Christ is David's son?42And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,43Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.44David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?45Then in the audience of all the people he said unto his disciples,46Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;47Which devour widows' houses, and for a shew make long prayers: the same shall receive greater damnation.