1Jedného dňa, keď učil ľud v chráme a hlásal radostnú zvesť, prišli za ním veľkňazi, učitelia Zákona a židovskí predstavitelia2s otázkou, akým právom povyhadzoval kupcov z chrámu.3„Kým vám odpoviem, rád by som sa vás aj ja na niečo spýtal.4Kto poveril Jána Krstiteľa jeho poslaním? Boh alebo ľudia?“5Touto otázkou ich zaskočil a začali sa medzi sebou dohadovať: „Ak povieme, že Boh, spýta sa nás, prečo sme mu teda neuverili.6Ak povieme, že ľudia, mohol by nás dav ukameňovať, lebo verí, že Ján Krstiteľ bol prorok.“7Napokon mu odpovedali: „Nevieme, kto poslal Jána.“8Ježiš im na to povedal: „Tak ani ja vám neodpoviem, kto mňa poveril.“
Podobenstvo o zlých vinohradníkoch
9Potom sa znova obrátil k zástupu a vyrozprával im toto podobenstvo: „Istý človek vysadil vinicu, prenajal ju vinohradníkom a na dlhý čas odcestoval.10Keď nastal čas oberačky, poslal k vinohradníkom svojho sluhu, aby mu odovzdali podiel z úrody. Ale vinohradníci ho zbili a poslali naspäť s prázdnymi rukami.11Poslal k nim iného sluhu, ale aj toho zbili, vysmiali sa mu a nič mu nedali.12Nato poslal aj tretieho sluhu, ale stihol ho ten istý osud: do krvi ho zbili a vyhnali.13‚Čo mám robiť?‘ spytoval sa majiteľ vinice v duchu.‚Skúsim to ešte raz. Pošlem k nim svojho milovaného syna, pred ním určite budú mať rešpekt.‘14Ale keď vinohradníci zazreli majiteľovho syna, zosnovali takýto plán:‚Toto je dedič, zabijeme ho a vinica bude naša.‘15Vyvliekli ho teda z vinice a zabili.16Čo myslíte, čo urobí majiteľ s týmito vinohradníkmi? Príde, dá ich povraždiť a vinicu prenajme iným.“ – „Ale to by vinohradníci predsa nikdy neurobili,“ namietali tí, čo ho počúvali.17Ježiš sa na nich zahľadel a povedal: „Čo teda znamenajú slová Písma:‚Kameň, ktorý stavitelia odhodili ako nepotrebný, stal sa kameňom uholným?‘ “18A doložil: „Každý, kto spadne na ten kameň, doláme sa, ale na koho spadne, toho rozdrví.“19Veľkňazi a učitelia Zákona by ho boli najradšej hneď zatkli, lebo si uvedomovali, že to hovorí o nich, ale báli sa, že by to v ľude mohlo vyvolať vzburu.
Spor o dani
20Pokúšali sa ho teda prichytiť pri nejakom výroku, ktorý by mohli ohlásiť rímskemu miestodržiteľovi a pre ktorý by ho mohli zatknúť.21Hľadali teda vhodnú príležitosť a poslali za ním svojich špehúňov, ktorí sa vydávali za spravodlivých ľudí. Povedali Ježišovi: „Majstre, poznáme ťa ako dobrého učiteľa, ktorý vždy vraví pravdu, nedbá na ľudskú mienku a vždy nabáda žiť podľa Božích požiadaviek.22Povedz nám teda, či máme platiť dane rímskemu cisárovi, alebo nemáme?“23Ježiš vedel, že to má byť pre neho pasca, a tak im povedal:24„Ukážte mi peniaz! Čí obraz je na ňom? A čie meno?“ Odpovedali mu: „Cisárovo.“25Nato im Ježiš povedal: „Dávajte teda cisárovi, čo je cisárovo, a Bohu, čo je Božie.“26Zmĺkli, ohromení jeho odpoveďou a zarazení, lebo sa im nepodarilo prichytiť ho v reči.
Spor o vzkriesení
27Tu pristúpili k nemu niektorí saduceji – tí popierajú zmŕtvychvstanie – a povedali mu:28„Podľa Mojžišovho zákona, ak nejaký muž umrie bezdetný, jeho brat je povinný oženiť sa s vdovou a zachovať meno mŕtveho.29Predstavme si rodinu, kde by bolo sedem bratov. Najstarší sa oženil a zomrel bez potomka.30Vdovu si vzal druhý brat a tiež zomrel bez detí.31Tak sa to zopakovalo aj s ďalšími. Všetci pomreli a nezanechali deti.32Napokon zomrela aj žena.33Komu bude pri vzkriesení patriť, keď mala sedem mužov?“34Ježiš im na to odpovedal: „Manželstvo je len v pozemskom živote.35Tí, ktorí budú hodní vstať z mŕtvych a dostať sa do neba, sa už nebudú ženiť.36A nebudú ani umierať. V tomto sa budú podobať anjelom a budú Božími synmi, lebo ich Boh vzkriesil z mŕtvych do nového života.37A čo sa týka vašej otázky, či je vzkriesenie, alebo nie, to naznačil Mojžiš, keď opisuje, ako sa mu zjavil Boh v horiacom kri. Tam Pána nazýva Bohom Abraháma, Izáka a Jakoba.38Ak je Pán Bohom určitej osoby, to znamená, že tá osoba je živá, a nie mŕtva! Z Božieho hľadiska sú teda všetci živí.“39„Majstre, dobre si im odpovedal!“ poznamenali niektorí z učiteľov Zákona.40A už sa neodvážili dávať mu ďalšie otázky.
Kto je Kristus?
41No tu sa ich Ježiš spýtal: „Ako môžu nazývať Mesiáša synom Dávidovým?42Veď sám Dávid hovorí v knihe žalmov: ‚Povedal Hospodin môjmu Pánovi: Seď po mojej pravici,43kým nepoložím tvojich nepriateľov za podnož tvojich nôh.‘44Ako by teda mohol byť Mesiáš Dávidovým potomkom, keď ho nazýva svojím Pánom?“45Učeníkom potom pred všetkými povedal:46„Varujte sa takých znalcov Zákona, ktorí sa radi ukazujú v honosných odevoch a čakajú, že ich ľudia budú na uliciach úctivo zdraviť. Pri bohoslužbách sedávajú v prvých radoch a na hostinách si vyhradzujú čestné miesta.47Dlho sa modlievajú, aby urobili dobrý dojem, a nehanbia sa dať hostiť vdovám. Takých postihne prísny súd.“
1One day, as Jesus[1] was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes with the elders came up (Mt 21,23; Mk 11,27; Lk 19,47; Sk 4,1; Sk 6,12)2and said to him, “Tell us by what authority you do these things, or who it is that gave you this authority.” (Ex 2,14; Jn 1,25; Sk 4,7)3He answered them, “I also will ask you a question. Now tell me,4was the baptism of John from heaven or from man?” (Lk 15,18; Lk 15,21; Jn 3,27)5And they discussed it with one another, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?’ (Mt 21,32; Lk 7,30)6But if we say, ‘From man,’ all the people will stone us to death, for they are convinced that John was a prophet.” (Mt 11,9; Jn 5,35)7So they answered that they did not know where it came from.8And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”
The Parable of the Wicked Tenants
9And he began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard and let it out to tenants and went into another country for a long while. (Ž 80,8; Pies 8,11; Iz 5,1; Mt 21,28; Mt 21,33; Mt 25,14; Mk 12,1; Mk 13,34)10When the time came, he sent a servant[2] to the tenants, so that they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. (2 Krn 24,19; 2 Krn 36,15; Neh 9,26; Jer 37,15; Jer 38,6; Mt 5,12; Mt 22,6; Mt 23,34; Mt 23,37; Lk 20,9; Sk 7,52; 2 Kor 11,24; 1 Sol 2,15; Hebr 11,36)11And he sent another servant. But they also beat and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. (Mt 22,4; Lk 20,10; Sk 5,41)12And he sent yet a third. This one also they wounded and cast out. (Lk 20,10)13Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son; perhaps they will respect him.’ (Mt 3,17)14But when the tenants saw him, they said to themselves, ‘This is the heir. Let us kill him, so that the inheritance may be ours.’ (1 Kr 21,19; Jn 1,11; Rim 8,17; Hebr 1,2)15And they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? (Hebr 13,12)16He will come and destroy those tenants and give the vineyard to others.” When they heard this, they said, “Surely not!” (Mt 8,11; Mt 21,43; Mt 24,50; Mt 25,19; Lk 19,27; Sk 13,46; Sk 18,6; Sk 28,28)17But he looked directly at them and said, “What then is this that is written: “‘The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’?[3] (Ž 118,22; Mk 10,21; Sk 4,11; 1 Pt 2,7)18Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, and when it falls on anyone, it will crush him.” (Iz 8,14; Dan 2,34; Dan 2,44; Rim 9,32; 1 Pt 2,8)
Paying Taxes to Caesar
19The scribes and the chief priests sought to lay hands on him at that very hour, for they perceived that he had told this parable against them, but they feared the people. (Lk 19,47)20So they watched him and sent spies, who pretended to be sincere, that they might catch him in something he said, so as to deliver him up to the authority and jurisdiction of the governor. (1 Kr 14,6; Mt 22,15; Mt 27,2; Mt 27,11; Mt 28,14; Mk 3,2; Mk 12,13; Lk 11,54; Lk 14,1; Lk 20,26; Sk 23,24)21So they asked him, “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach rightly, and show no partiality,[4] but truly teach the way of God. (Sk 10,34; Sk 13,10; Sk 18,25)22Is it lawful for us to give tribute to Caesar, or not?” (Mt 17,25; Lk 2,1; Lk 3,1)23But he perceived their craftiness, and said to them, (1 Kor 3,19; 2 Kor 4,2; 2 Kor 11,3; 2 Kor 12,16; Ef 4,14)24“Show me a denarius.[5] Whose likeness and inscription does it have?” They said, “Caesar’s.” (Mt 18,28)25He said to them, “Then render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” (Rim 13,7)26And they were not able in the presence of the people to catch him in what he said, but marveling at his answer they became silent. (Lk 20,20)
Sadducees Ask About the Resurrection
27There came to him some Sadducees, those who deny that there is a resurrection, (Mt 3,7; Mt 16,1; Mt 22,34; Sk 4,1; Sk 4,2; Sk 5,17; Sk 23,6; Sk 23,8)28and they asked him a question, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife but no children, the man[6] must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother. (Dt 25,5)29Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died without children.30And the second31and the third took her, and likewise all seven left no children and died.32Afterward the woman also died.33In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife will the woman be? For the seven had her as wife.”34And Jesus said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage, (Mt 24,38; Lk 10,6; Lk 16,8; Lk 17,27; Lk 20,35)35but those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and to the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage, (Mt 22,8; Mk 10,30; Lk 18,30; Lk 20,34; Sk 5,41; 2 Sol 1,5; 2 Sol 1,11)36for they cannot die anymore, because they are equal to angels and are sons of God, being sons[7] of the resurrection. (Gn 1,26; Ž 82,6; Lk 10,6; Rim 8,19; Rim 8,23; 1 Kor 15,52; 1 Kor 15,54; Hebr 2,7; Hebr 2,9; Zjv 21,4)37But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed, in the passage about the bush, where he calls the Lord the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob. (Ex 3,1; Ex 3,6; Ex 3,15; Lk 20,28; Sk 7,32)38Now he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for all live to him.” (Rim 6,11; Rim 14,7; 2 Kor 5,15; Gal 2,19; 1 Sol 5,10; Hebr 9,14; 1 Pt 4,2)39Then some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, you have spoken well.” (Mt 22,34; Mk 12,28)40For they no longer dared to ask him any question. (Mt 22,46; Mk 12,34)
Whose Son Is the Christ?
41But he said to them, “How can they say that the Christ is David’s son? (Mt 1,1; Mt 1,17; Mt 22,41; Mk 12,35)42For David himself says in the Book of Psalms, “‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, (Ž 110,1; Sk 2,34; 1 Kor 15,25; Hebr 1,13; Hebr 10,13)43until I make your enemies your footstool.”’ (Sk 7,49)44David thus calls him Lord, so how is he his son?” (Rim 1,3)
Beware of the Scribes
45And in the hearing of all the people he said to his disciples, (Mt 23,1; Mt 23,5; Mk 12,38; Lk 11,43)46“Beware of the scribes, who like to walk around in long robes, and love greetings in the marketplaces and the best seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at feasts, (Lk 14,7)47who devour widows’ houses and for a pretense make long prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation.” (Mt 6,5; Mt 6,7; Lk 11,39; Lk 16,14)