1Saul var 30 år, da han blev konge, og han regerede i 42 år.[1] (Ap G 13,21)2Han udvalgte 3000 af de bedste israelitiske krigere og tog de 2000 med sig til Mikmas i bjergområdet ved Betel, mens han lod de 1000 blive hos sin søn Jonatan, der tog til Geba.[2] Resten af hæren sendte han hjem.3-4Jonatan angreb og udslettede filistrenes garnison i Geba. Rygtet om denne israelitiske oprørshandling nåede hurtigt til filistrenes hjemland, og Saul skyndte sig at sende bud rundt i hele Israel om, at han havde udryddet filistrenes garnison, og at man kunne forvente, at filistrene nu ville gå til modangreb. Derfor indkaldte han hele Israels hær til at samles ved Gilgal.5I mellemtiden samlede filistrene en mægtig hær på 3000 stridsvogne, 6000 ryttere og lige så mange fodfolk, som der er sandkorn ved stranden. Denne hær rykkede frem og slog lejr ved Mikmas øst for Bet-Aven.6Da israelitterne fik øje på fjendens enorme hær, mistede de totalt modet og nogle gemte sig i klippehuler, grotter, kløfter, gravhuler eller tomme vandreservoirer.7Andre krydsede Jordanfloden og undslap til Gads og Gileads land. Saul blev i Gilgal med sine mest loyale krigere, som dog rystede af skræk.8Han ventede på Samuel i syv dage, som han havde fået besked på. Men Samuel kom ikke til Gilgal som ventet, og Sauls mænd begyndte at forlade ham.9Da besluttede Saul at ofre brændofferet og takofferet uden Samuel.10Netop som han var færdig med det, kom Samuel. Saul gik ham i møde for at byde ham velkommen.11Men Samuel udbrød: „Hvad har du dog gjort?” „Hvad skulle jeg ellers stille op?” indvendte Saul. „Mændene begyndte at desertere, du kom ikke til den tid, vi havde aftalt, og filistrene gjorde klar til kamp ved Mikmas.12Så tænkte jeg: ‚Filistrene kan angribe, hvad øjeblik det skal være, og jeg har endnu ikke bedt Herren om hjælp.’ Derfor tog jeg mod til mig og ofrede selv brændofferet i stedet for at vente på dig.”13„Hvor var det tåbeligt af dig at overtræde Herren, din Guds, bud!” udbrød Samuel. „Havde du bare adlydt ham, ville han have ladet dig og dine efterkommere bevare kongemagten i Israel for altid.14Men nu har din ulydighed kostet dig kongedømmet. Herren ønsker nemlig en mand, han kan stole på. Han har allerede udvalgt den mand, som skal være konge for hans folk i stedet for dig, for du har overtrådt hans bud.”15Derefter forlod Samuel Gilgal og tog til Gibea.[3] Men Saul og de 600 mand, der var tilbage af hans hær, tog af sted for at møde fjendehæren.16Saul og Jonatan og deres 600 mand slog lejr i Geba tæt ved Mikmas, hvor filistrenes hær lå.17I mellemtiden rykkede tre afdelinger ud fra filistrenes lejr. Den ene satte kursen mod Ofra i Shual-området,18den anden søgte i retning af Bet-Horon, og den tredje mod området over Zeboimdalen i ørkenen.19På den tid fandtes der ikke en eneste smed i hele Israel, for filistrene ville forhindre hebræerne i at ruste sig med sværd og spyd.20Derfor var israelitterne tvunget til at opsøge en filistersmed, hver gang de skulle have slebet deres plovskær, hakker, økser eller segl.21Prisen for en slibning var 2/3 shekel for plovskær og hakker, 1/3 shekel for økser, segl og pigstave.22Denne situation var årsag til, at der ikke fandtes et eneste sværd eller spyd i hele Israels hær, bortset fra Sauls og Jonatans.23I mellemtiden var en afdeling af filisterhæren rykket frem og havde besat bjergpasset ved Mikmas.
1Saul lived for one year and then became king, and when he had reigned for two years over Israel,[1]2Saul chose three thousand men of Israel. Two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and the hill country of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. The rest of the people he sent home, every man to his tent. (1.Sam 10,26; 1.Sam 13,5; 1.Sam 13,11; 1.Sam 13,15; 1.Sam 13,16; 1.Sam 13,23; 1.Sam 14,31)3Jonathan defeated the garrison of the Philistines that was at Geba, and the Philistines heard of it. And Saul blew the trumpet throughout all the land, saying, “Let the Hebrews hear.” (Dom 3,27; 1.Sam 10,5; 1.Sam 13,16; 1.Sam 14,5)4And all Israel heard it said that Saul had defeated the garrison of the Philistines, and also that Israel had become a stench to the Philistines. And the people were called out to join Saul at Gilgal.5And the Philistines mustered to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots and six thousand horsemen and troops like the sand on the seashore in multitude. They came up and encamped in Michmash, to the east of Beth-aven. (Josva 11,4; 1.Sam 14,23)6When the men of Israel saw that they were in trouble (for the people were hard pressed), the people hid themselves in caves and in holes and in rocks and in tombs and in cisterns, (Dom 6,2; Heb 11,38)7and some Hebrews crossed the fords of the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. Saul was still at Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling.
Saul’s Unlawful Sacrifice
8He waited seven days, the time appointed by Samuel. But Samuel did not come to Gilgal, and the people were scattering from him. (1.Sam 10,8)9So Saul said, “Bring the burnt offering here to me, and the peace offerings.” And he offered the burnt offering.10As soon as he had finished offering the burnt offering, behold, Samuel came. And Saul went out to meet him and greet him.11Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “When I saw that the people were scattering from me, and that you did not come within the days appointed, and that the Philistines had mustered at Michmash,12I said, ‘Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not sought the favor of the Lord.’ So I forced myself, and offered the burnt offering.”13And Samuel said to Saul, “You have done foolishly. You have not kept the command of the Lord your God, with which he commanded you. For then the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. (1.Sam 15,11; 2.Sam 24,10; 1.Krøn 21,8; 2.Krøn 16,9)14But now your kingdom shall not continue. The Lord has sought out a man after his own heart, and the Lord has commanded him to be prince[2] over his people, because you have not kept what the Lord commanded you.” (1.Sam 15,28; Ap G 13,22)15And Samuel arose and went up from Gilgal. The rest of the people went up after Saul to meet the army; they went up from Gilgal[3] to Gibeah of Benjamin. And Saul numbered the people who were present with him, about six hundred men. (1.Sam 13,2; 1.Sam 14,2)16And Saul and Jonathan his son and the people who were present with them stayed in Geba of Benjamin, but the Philistines encamped in Michmash. (1.Sam 13,3; 1.Sam 14,5)17And raiders came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies. One company turned toward Ophrah, to the land of Shual; (1.Sam 14,15)18another company turned toward Beth-horon; and another company turned toward the border that looks down on the Valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness. (Josva 10,10; Neh 11,34)19Now there was no blacksmith to be found throughout all the land of Israel, for the Philistines said, “Lest the Hebrews make themselves swords or spears.” (2.Kong 24,14)20But every one of the Israelites went down to the Philistines to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, or his sickle,[4]21and the charge was two-thirds of a shekel[5] for the plowshares and for the mattocks, and a third of a shekel[6] for sharpening the axes and for setting the goads.[7]22So on the day of the battle there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people with Saul and Jonathan, but Saul and Jonathan his son had them. (Dom 5,8)23And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the pass of Michmash. (1.Sam 14,1; 1.Sam 14,4; 1.Sam 14,6; 1.Sam 14,11; 2.Sam 23,14; Es 10,28)