1Poi, trascorsi quattordici anni, salii di nuovo a Gerusalemme con Barnaba, prendendo con me anche Tito.2Vi salii in seguito a una rivelazione, ed esposi loro il vangelo che annuncio fra gli stranieri; ma lo esposi privatamente a quelli che sono i più stimati, per il timore di correre o di aver corso invano.3Ma neppure Tito, che era con me, ed era greco, fu costretto a farsi circoncidere.4Anzi, proprio a causa di intrusi, falsi fratelli, infiltratisi di nascosto tra di noi per spiare la libertà che abbiamo in Cristo Gesù, con l’intenzione di renderci schiavi,5noi non abbiamo ceduto alle imposizioni di costoro neppure per un momento, affinché la verità del vangelo rimanesse salda tra di voi.6Ma quelli che godono di particolare stima (quello che possono essere stati, a me non importa; Dio non ha riguardi personali), quelli, dico, che godono di maggiore stima non mi imposero nulla;7anzi, quando videro che a me era stato affidato il vangelo per gli incirconcisi, come a Pietro per i circoncisi[1]8(perché colui che aveva operato in Pietro per farlo apostolo dei circoncisi aveva anche operato in me per farmi apostolo degli stranieri),9riconoscendo la grazia che mi era stata accordata, Giacomo, Cefa[2] e Giovanni, che sono reputati colonne, diedero a me e a Barnaba la mano destra in segno di comunione perché andassimo noi agli stranieri, ed essi ai circoncisi;10soltanto ci raccomandarono di ricordarci dei poveri, come ho sempre cercato di fare.
Pietro ripreso pubblicamente da Paolo in Antiochia
11Ma quando Cefa venne ad Antiochia, gli resistei in faccia perché era da condannare.12Infatti, prima che fossero venuti alcuni da parte di Giacomo, egli mangiava con persone non giudaiche; ma quando quelli furono arrivati, cominciò a ritirarsi e a separarsi per timore dei circoncisi.13E anche gli altri Giudei si misero a simulare con lui; a tal punto che perfino Barnaba fu trascinato dalla loro ipocrisia.14Ma quando vidi che non camminavano rettamente secondo la verità del vangelo, dissi a Cefa in presenza di tutti: «Se tu, che sei giudeo, vivi alla maniera degli stranieri e non dei Giudei, come mai costringi gli stranieri a vivere come i Giudei[3]? »15Noi Giudei di nascita, non stranieri peccatori,16sappiamo che l’uomo non è giustificato per le opere della legge, ma soltanto per mezzo della fede in Cristo Gesù, e abbiamo anche noi creduto in Cristo Gesù per essere giustificati dalla fede in Cristo e non dalle opere della legge; perché dalle opere della legge nessuno sarà giustificato.17Ma se nel cercare di essere giustificati in Cristo, siamo anche noi trovati peccatori, vuol dire che Cristo è un servitore del peccato? No di certo!18Infatti, se riedifico quello che ho demolito[4], mi dimostro trasgressore.19Quanto a me, per mezzo della legge, sono morto alla legge affinché io viva per Dio.20Sono stato crocifisso con Cristo: non sono più io che vivo, ma Cristo vive in me! La vita che vivo ora nella carne, la vivo nella fede nel Figlio di Dio il quale mi ha amato e ha dato se stesso per me.21Io non annullo la grazia di Dio; perché se la giustizia si ottenesse per mezzo della legge, Cristo sarebbe dunque morto inutilmente.
1Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus along with me.2I went up because of a revelation and set before them (though privately before those who seemed influential) the gospel that I proclaim among the Gentiles, in order to make sure I was not running or had not run in vain. (Ga 2,6; Ga 2,9; Ga 4,11; Fili 2,16; 1Te 3,5; 1Ti 3,16)3But even Titus, who was with me, was not forced to be circumcised, though he was a Greek. (At 16,3)4Yet because of false brothers secretly brought in—who slipped in to spy out our freedom that we have in Christ Jesus, so that they might bring us into slavery— (At 15,24; Ro 8,15; 2Co 11,20; 2Co 11,26; Ga 4,3; Ga 4,9; Ga 4,24; Ga 5,1; Ga 5,12; 2P 2,1; Giuda 1,4)5to them we did not yield in submission even for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for you. (Ga 2,14; Ga 4,16; Ga 5,7; Tit 1,14; 2G 1,1)6And from those who seemed to be influential (what they were makes no difference to me; God shows no partiality)—those, I say, who seemed influential added nothing to me. (De 10,17; At 5,36; 1Co 3,7; 2Co 11,5; 2Co 12,11; Ga 2,2; Ga 2,9; Ga 6,3)7On the contrary, when they saw that I had been entrusted with the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been entrusted with the gospel to the circumcised (At 9,15; 1Co 9,17; Ga 1,16; 1Te 2,4; 1Ti 1,11)8(for he who worked through Peter for his apostolic ministry to the circumcised worked also through me for mine to the Gentiles),9and when James and Cephas and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given to me, they gave the right hand of fellowship to Barnabas and me, that we should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. (Ger 1,18; Ro 1,5; Ga 2,6; 2P 3,15; Ap 3,12)10Only, they asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I was eager to do. (At 24,17)
Paul Opposes Peter
11But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. (Giob 21,31; At 15,1; At 15,35)12For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party.[1] (Lu 15,2; At 10,28; At 11,2; At 11,3; Ga 2,14)13And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy.14But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, “If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you force the Gentiles to live like Jews?” (Ga 2,5; Ga 2,12; 1Ti 5,20; Eb 12,13)
Justified by Faith
15We ourselves are Jews by birth and not Gentile sinners; (Ga 2,17; Ef 2,3; Ef 2,12)16yet we know that a person is not justified[2] by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified. (Sal 143,2; At 13,39; Ro 3,20; Ro 9,30; Ga 3,11)17But if, in our endeavor to be justified in Christ, we too were found to be sinners, is Christ then a servant of sin? Certainly not! (Ga 2,15)18For if I rebuild what I tore down, I prove myself to be a transgressor.19For through the law I died to the law, so that I might live to God. (Lu 20,38; Ro 6,2; Ro 6,11; Ro 7,4; Ro 14,7; 2Co 5,15; 1Te 5,10; Eb 9,14; 1P 4,2)20I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me. (Giov 17,23; Ro 6,6; Ro 8,37; Ga 1,4; Ga 5,24; Ga 6,14)21I do not nullify the grace of God, for if righteousness[3] were through the law, then Christ died for no purpose. (Ga 3,21; Ga 5,4; Eb 7,11)
Galati 2
King James Version
1Then fourteen years after I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, and took Titus with me also.2And I went up by revelation, and communicated unto them that gospel which I preach among the Gentiles, but privately to them which were of reputation, lest by any means I should run, or had run, in vain.3But neither Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised:4And that because of false brethren unawares brought in, who came in privily to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage:5To whom we gave place by subjection, no, not for an hour; that the truth of the gospel might continue with you.6But of these who seemed to be somewhat, (whatsoever they were, it maketh no matter to me: God accepteth no man's person:) for they who seemed to be somewhat in conference added nothing to me:7But contrariwise, when they saw that the gospel of the uncircumcision was committed unto me, as the gospel of the circumcision was unto Peter;8(For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, the same was mighty in me toward the Gentiles:)9And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision.10Only they would that we should remember the poor; the same which I also was forward to do.11But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed.12For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision.13And the other Jews dissembled likewise with him; insomuch that Barnabas also was carried away with their dissimulation.14But when I saw that they walked not uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, I said unto Peter before them all, If thou, being a Jew, livest after the manner of Gentiles, and not as do the Jews, why compellest thou the Gentiles to live as do the Jews?15We who are Jews by nature, and not sinners of the Gentiles,16Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.17But if, while we seek to be justified by Christ, we ourselves also are found sinners, is therefore Christ the minister of sin? God forbid.18For if I build again the things which I destroyed, I make myself a transgressor.19For I through the law am dead to the law, that I might live unto God.20I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me.21I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain.
1Erst vierzehn Jahre später bin ich wieder nach Jerusalem gekommen, diesmal zusammen mit Barnabas. Auch Titus nahm ich mit.2Gott selbst hatte sich mir offenbart und mir den Auftrag zu dieser Reise gegeben. In Jerusalem habe ich erklärt, welche Botschaft ich den Menschen aus anderen Völkern verkünde. Ich trug dies der versammelten Gemeinde vor und in einem weiteren Gespräch ihren führenden Männern. Denn ich wollte vermeiden, dass meine Arbeit abgelehnt wird und alle meine Mühe vergeblich ist.3Alle Verantwortlichen stimmten mir zu. Nicht einmal von Titus, meinem griechischen Reisebegleiter, verlangte man, sich beschneiden zu lassen.4Die Frage der Beschneidung wäre überhaupt nicht zum Problem geworden, hätten sich da nicht einige angebliche Christen hinter meinem Rücken in die Gemeinde eingeschlichen. Sie hegten ein tiefes Misstrauen gegenüber der Freiheit, die uns Jesus Christus schenkt, und wollten uns wieder dem jüdischen Gesetz unterwerfen.5Aber wir haben ihnen keinen Augenblick nachgegeben. Denn für uns ist wichtig, dass euch die Wahrheit der rettenden Botschaft erhalten bleibt.6Die verantwortlichen Männer in der Gemeinde haben mir jedenfalls keine Vorschriften gemacht – im Übrigen ist es mir ganz unwichtig, was sie früher einmal waren. Denn Gott schaut nicht auf Rang und Namen.7Diesen Leitern der Gemeinde ist klar geworden, dass Gott mir den Auftrag gegeben hat, den nichtjüdischen Völkern die Botschaft von Christus zu verkünden, so wie er Petrus aufgetragen hat, sie den Juden zu bringen.8Denn alle konnten sehen, dass meine Arbeit als Apostel ebenso von Gott bestätigt wurde wie die von Petrus.9Jakobus, Petrus[1] und Johannes, die als die Säulen der Gemeinde gelten, hatten erkannt, dass Gott mir diesen besonderen Auftrag gegeben hat. Da reichten sie mir und Barnabas die Hand zum Zeichen unserer Gemeinschaft. Wir einigten uns, dass sie die rettende Botschaft weiter unter den Juden verkünden sollten und wir unter den anderen Völkern. (Ga 1,18)10Nur um eins haben sie uns gebeten: Wir sollten die Armen in der Gemeinde von Jerusalem nicht vergessen. Und dafür habe ich mich auch immer eingesetzt.
Auseinandersetzung zwischen Paulus und Petrus
11Als aber Petrus später nach Antiochia kam, musste ich ihm vor allen widersprechen, denn er hatte sich eindeutig falsch verhalten.12Zunächst hatte er ohne Bedenken mit den Christen, die keine Juden waren, an den gemeinsamen Mahlzeiten teilgenommen. Als aber einige jüdische Christen aus dem Kreis um Jakobus dazukamen, zog er sich zurück und wollte nicht mehr wie bisher mit allen zusammen essen. Er fürchtete nämlich die Vorwürfe der jüdischen Christen.13Auch die anderen Juden in der Gemeinde handelten daraufhin gegen ihre Überzeugung, und schließlich verleiteten sie sogar Barnabas dazu, den gemeinsamen Mahlzeiten fernzubleiben.14Als ich merkte, dass sie nicht ehrlich waren und von der Wahrheit der rettenden Botschaft abwichen, stellte ich Petrus vor der ganzen Gemeinde zur Rede: »Obwohl du als Jude geboren wurdest, lebst du nicht mehr streng nach den jüdischen Vorschriften, weil du Christ geworden bist. Weshalb verlangst du dann von den Christen, die aus den nichtjüdischen Völkern stammen, dass sie sich an die jüdischen Regeln und Gesetze halten sollen?«15Zwar sind wir durch unsere Geburt Juden und keine Sünder wie die Menschen anderer Völker.16Trotzdem wissen wir inzwischen sehr genau, dass wir nicht durch Taten, wie das Gesetz sie von uns fordert, vor Gott bestehen können, sondern allein durch den Glauben an Jesus Christus. Wir sind doch deshalb Christen geworden, weil wir davon überzeugt sind, dass wir nur durch den Glauben an Christus von unserer Schuld freigesprochen werden; nicht aber, weil wir die Forderungen des Gesetzes erfüllen. Denn kein Mensch findet durch gute Werke Gottes Anerkennung.17Wenn aber auch wir Juden allein durch den Glauben an Christus Anerkennung bei Gott finden wollen, dann geben wir damit zu, dass auch wir Sünder sind – ebenso wie die Menschen aus anderen Völkern.[2] Bedeutet dies nun, dass Christus zum Komplizen[3] der Sünde wird, wenn wir durch den Glauben an ihn nicht mehr dem Gesetz unterstellt sind? Auf gar keinen Fall!18Nicht Christus, sondern ich selbst bin ein Komplize der Sünde, wenn ich dem Gesetz wieder Geltung verschaffen will, das ich vorher als nutzlos erkannt habe.19Durch das Gesetz nämlich war ich zum Tode verurteilt. So bin ich nun für das Gesetz tot, damit ich für Gott leben kann. Mein altes Leben ist mit Christus am Kreuz gestorben.20Darum lebe nicht mehr ich, sondern Christus lebt in mir! Mein vergängliches Leben auf dieser Erde lebe ich im Glauben an Jesus Christus, den Sohn Gottes, der mich geliebt und sein Leben für mich gegeben hat.21Ich lehne dieses unverdiente Geschenk Gottes nicht ab – ganz im Gegensatz zu den Christen, die sich noch an die Forderungen des Gesetzes halten wollen. Könnten wir nämlich durch das Befolgen des Gesetzes von Gott angenommen werden, dann hätte Christus nicht zu sterben brauchen.