1Wenn ein Dieb ergriffen wird beim Einbruch und wird dabei geschlagen, dass er stirbt, so liegt keine Blutschuld vor.2War aber schon die Sonne aufgegangen, so liegt Blutschuld vor. Es soll aber ein Dieb wiedererstatten; hat er nichts, so verkaufe man ihn um den Wert des Gestohlenen.3Findet man bei ihm das Gestohlene lebendig, sei es Rind, Esel oder Schaf, so soll er’s zweifach erstatten.4Wenn jemand in einem Acker oder Weinberg Schaden anrichtet, weil er sein Vieh das Feld eines andern abweiden lässt, so soll er’s mit dem Besten seines Ackers und Weinberges erstatten.5Wenn ein Feuer ausbricht und ergreift die Dornen und verbrennt einen Garbenhaufen oder das Getreide, das noch steht, oder den Acker, so soll Ersatz leisten, wer das Feuer angezündet hat.6Wenn jemand seinem Nächsten Geld oder Gegenstände zu verwahren gibt und es wird ihm aus seinem Hause gestohlen: findet man den Dieb, so soll er’s zweifach erstatten;7findet man aber den Dieb nicht, so soll der Herr des Hauses vor Gott treten, ob er nicht etwa seine Hand an seines Nächsten Habe gelegt hat.8Wenn einer den andern einer Veruntreuung beschuldigt, es handle sich um Rind oder Esel oder Schaf oder Kleider oder um etwas, was sonst noch verloren gegangen ist, von dem einer sagt: Ja, das ist es!, so soll beider Sache vor Gott kommen. Wen Gott für schuldig erklärt, der soll’s seinem Nächsten zweifach erstatten. (1Kön 8,31)9Wenn jemand seinem Nächsten einen Esel oder ein Rind oder ein Schaf oder irgendein Stück Vieh in Obhut gibt und es stirbt ihm oder kommt zu Schaden oder wird ihm weggetrieben, ohne dass es jemand sieht,10so soll es unter ihnen zum Eid vor dem HERRN kommen, ob er nicht etwa seine Hand an seines Nächsten Habe gelegt hat, und der Besitzer soll es hinnehmen, sodass jener nicht Ersatz zu leisten braucht.11Stiehlt es ihm aber ein Dieb, so soll er’s dem Besitzer ersetzen.12Wird es zerrissen, so soll er es zum Zeugnis herbeibringen und nicht ersetzen. (1Mo 31,39)13Wenn es jemand von seinem Nächsten leiht und es kommt zu Schaden oder stirbt, wenn der Besitzer nicht dabei ist, so soll er’s ersetzen.14Ist der Besitzer dabei, soll er’s nicht ersetzen. Ist er aber Tagelöhner, wird’s von seinem Lohn genommen.15Wenn jemand eine Jungfrau beredet, die noch nicht verlobt ist, und schläft bei ihr, so soll er den Brautpreis für sie geben und sie zur Frau nehmen. (5Mo 22,28)16Weigert sich aber ihr Vater, sie ihm zu geben, so soll er Geld darwägen, so viel einer Jungfrau als Brautpreis gebührt.
20Einen Fremdling sollst du nicht bedrücken und bedrängen; denn ihr seid auch Fremdlinge in Ägyptenland gewesen. (3Mo 19,33; 5Mo 10,18)21Ihr sollt Witwen und Waisen nicht bedrücken. (5Mo 27,19; Jes 1,17; Sach 7,10)22Wirst du sie bedrücken und werden sie zu mir schreien, so werde ich ihr Schreien erhören.23Dann wird mein Zorn entbrennen, dass ich euch mit dem Schwert töte und eure Frauen zu Witwen und eure Kinder zu Waisen werden.24Wenn du Geld verleihst an einen aus meinem Volk, an einen Armen neben dir, so sollst du an ihm nicht wie ein Wucherer handeln; ihr sollt keinerlei Zinsen von ihm nehmen. (3Mo 25,36; 5Mo 23,20; Spr 28,8)25Wenn du den Mantel deines Nächsten zum Pfande nimmst, sollst du ihn wiedergeben, ehe die Sonne untergeht, (5Mo 24,10)26denn sein Mantel ist seine einzige Decke auf der bloßen Haut; worin soll er sonst schlafen? Wird er aber zu mir schreien, so werde ich ihn erhören; denn ich bin gnädig.
Gebote der Gottesfurcht
27Gott sollst du nicht lästern, und einem Obersten in deinem Volk sollst du nicht fluchen. (3Mo 24,14; Apg 23,5)28Den Ertrag deines Feldes und den Überfluss deines Weinberges sollst du nicht zurückhalten. Deinen ersten Sohn sollst du mir geben. (2Mo 13,2; 2Mo 13,13; 2Mo 23,19; 5Mo 18,4; Spr 3,9)29So sollst du auch tun mit deinem Stier und deinem Kleinvieh. Sieben Tage lass es bei seiner Mutter sein, am achten Tage sollst du es mir geben. (3Mo 22,27)30Ihr sollt mir heilige Leute sein; darum sollt ihr kein Fleisch essen, das auf dem Felde von Tieren zerrissen ist, sondern es vor die Hunde werfen. (3Mo 7,24; 3Mo 19,2; 5Mo 14,21; Hes 4,14; Hes 44,31; 1Petr 1,15)
2.Mose 22
English Standard Version
von Crossway1[1] “If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and kills it or sells it, he shall repay five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. (2Sam 12,6; Spr 6,31; Lk 19,8)2[2] If a thief is found breaking in and is struck so that he dies, there shall be no bloodguilt for him, (Mt 24,43)3but if the sun has risen on him, there shall be bloodguilt for him. He[3] shall surely pay. If he has nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft. (2Mo 21,2)4If the stolen beast is found alive in his possession, whether it is an ox or a donkey or a sheep, he shall pay double. (2Mo 21,16; 2Mo 22,1)5“If a man causes a field or vineyard to be grazed over, or lets his beast loose and it feeds in another man’s field, he shall make restitution from the best in his own field and in his own vineyard.6“If fire breaks out and catches in thorns so that the stacked grain or the standing grain or the field is consumed, he who started the fire shall make full restitution.7“If a man gives to his neighbor money or goods to keep safe, and it is stolen from the man’s house, then, if the thief is found, he shall pay double. (2Mo 22,4)8If the thief is not found, the owner of the house shall come near to God to show whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor’s property.9For every breach of trust, whether it is for an ox, for a donkey, for a sheep, for a cloak, or for any kind of lost thing, of which one says, ‘This is it,’ the case of both parties shall come before God. The one whom God condemns shall pay double to his neighbor.10“If a man gives to his neighbor a donkey or an ox or a sheep or any beast to keep safe, and it dies or is injured or is driven away, without anyone seeing it,11an oath by the Lord shall be between them both to see whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor’s property. The owner shall accept the oath, and he shall not make restitution. (Hebr 6,16)12But if it is stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner. (1Mo 31,39)13If it is torn by beasts, let him bring it as evidence. He shall not make restitution for what has been torn.14“If a man borrows anything of his neighbor, and it is injured or dies, the owner not being with it, he shall make full restitution.15If the owner was with it, he shall not make restitution; if it was hired, it came for its hiring fee.[4]
Laws About Social Justice
16“If a man seduces a virgin[5] who is not betrothed and lies with her, he shall give the bride-price[6] for her and make her his wife. (5Mo 22,28)17If her father utterly refuses to give her to him, he shall pay money equal to the bride-price for virgins. (1Mo 34,12; 2Mo 22,16; 1Sam 18,25)18“You shall not permit a sorceress to live. (3Mo 19,26; 3Mo 19,31; 3Mo 20,27; 5Mo 18,10; 1Sam 28,3; 1Sam 28,9)19“Whoever lies with an animal shall be put to death. (3Mo 18,23; 3Mo 20,15; 5Mo 27,21)20“Whoever sacrifices to any god, other than the Lord alone, shall be devoted to destruction.[7] (4Mo 25,2; 4Mo 25,7; 5Mo 13,1; 5Mo 17,2; Jos 23,16)21“You shall not wrong a sojourner or oppress him, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt. (2Mo 23,9; 3Mo 19,33; 5Mo 10,18; Jer 7,6; Sach 7,10; Mal 3,5)22You shall not mistreat any widow or fatherless child. (5Mo 24,17; 5Mo 27,19; Ps 94,6; Jes 1,17; Jes 1,23; Jes 10,2; Hes 22,7; Sach 7,10; Jak 1,27)23If you do mistreat them, and they cry out to me, I will surely hear their cry, (Hi 34,28; Ps 18,6; Ps 145,19; Lk 18,7; Jak 5,4)24and my wrath will burn, and I will kill you with the sword, and your wives shall become widows and your children fatherless. (Ps 109,9; Kla 5,3)25“If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be like a moneylender to him, and you shall not exact interest from him. (3Mo 25,35; 5Mo 23,19; Neh 5,7; Ps 15,5; Spr 28,8; Hes 18,8; Hes 18,13; Hes 18,17; Hes 22,12)26If ever you take your neighbor’s cloak in pledge, you shall return it to him before the sun goes down, (5Mo 24,13; 5Mo 24,17; Spr 20,16; Spr 22,27; Hes 18,7; Hes 18,16; Am 2,8)27for that is his only covering, and it is his cloak for his body; in what else shall he sleep? And if he cries to me, I will hear, for I am compassionate. (2Mo 22,23; 2Mo 34,6; 2Chr 30,9; Neh 9,17)28“You shall not revile God, nor curse a ruler of your people. (2Sam 19,21; Pred 10,20; Apg 23,5; Jud 1,8)29“You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. The firstborn of your sons you shall give to me. (2Mo 13,2)30You shall do the same with your oxen and with your sheep: seven days it shall be with its mother; on the eighth day you shall give it to me. (3Mo 22,27; 5Mo 15,19)31“You shall be consecrated to me. Therefore you shall not eat any flesh that is torn by beasts in the field; you shall throw it to the dogs. (2Mo 19,6; 3Mo 11,44; 3Mo 22,8; Hes 4,14; Hes 44,31; Mt 7,6)
2.Mose 22
King James Version
1If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep.2If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.3If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.4If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep; he shall restore double.5If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man' field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.6If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith ; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.7If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man' house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.8If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought unto the judges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neighbour's goods.9For all manner of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, which another challengeth to be his, the cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour.10If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, to keep; and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing it :11Then shall an oath of the LORD be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner of it shall accept thereof , and he shall not make it good.12And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.13If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn.14And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good.15But if the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good: if it be an hired thing , it came for his hire.16And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife.17If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.18Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live.19Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death.20He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed.21Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.22Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.23If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry;24And my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.25If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury.26If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:27For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.28Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people.29Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me.30Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me.31And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.