1As soon as all the kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan to the west, and all the kings of the Canaanites who were by the sea, heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of the Jordan for the people of Israel until they had crossed over, their hearts melted and there was no longer any spirit in them because of the people of Israel. (Ex 15:14; Nu 13:29; Jos 2:11; 1Ki 10:5)2At that time the Lord said to Joshua, “Make flint knives and circumcise the sons of Israel a second time.” (Ex 4:25)3So Joshua made flint knives and circumcised the sons of Israel at Gibeath-haaraloth.[1]4And this is the reason why Joshua circumcised them: all the males of the people who came out of Egypt, all the men of war, had died in the wilderness on the way after they had come out of Egypt. (Nu 14:29; Nu 26:64; De 2:16; Ps 106:26; 1Co 10:5; Heb 3:17)5Though all the people who came out had been circumcised, yet all the people who were born on the way in the wilderness after they had come out of Egypt had not been circumcised.6For the people of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, until all the nation, the men of war who came out of Egypt, perished, because they did not obey the voice of the Lord; the Lord swore to them that he would not let them see the land that the Lord had sworn to their fathers to give to us, a land flowing with milk and honey. (Ex 3:8; Nu 14:23; Nu 14:33; De 1:3; De 2:7; De 2:14; De 8:4; Ps 95:10; Ps 95:11; Heb 3:11)7So it was their children, whom he raised up in their place, that Joshua circumcised. For they were uncircumcised, because they had not been circumcised on the way. (Nu 14:31; De 1:39)8When the circumcising of the whole nation was finished, they remained in their places in the camp until they were healed.9And the Lord said to Joshua, “Today I have rolled away the reproach of Egypt from you.” And so the name of that place is called Gilgal[2] to this day. (Ge 34:14; Jos 4:19)
First Passover in Canaan
10While the people of Israel were encamped at Gilgal, they kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening on the plains of Jericho. (Ex 12:6; Nu 9:5)11And the day after the Passover, on that very day, they ate of the produce of the land, unleavened cakes and parched grain.12And the manna ceased the day after they ate of the produce of the land. And there was no longer manna for the people of Israel, but they ate of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year. (Ex 16:35)
The Commander of the Lord’s Army
13When Joshua was by Jericho, he lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold, a man was standing before him with his drawn sword in his hand. And Joshua went to him and said to him, “Are you for us, or for our adversaries?” (Ge 18:2; Ge 32:24; Ex 23:20; Ex 23:23; Nu 22:23; Nu 22:31; Ac 1:10)14And he said, “No; but I am the commander of the army of the Lord. Now I have come.” And Joshua fell on his face to the earth and worshiped[3] and said to him, “What does my lord say to his servant?” (Ge 17:3)15And the commander of the Lord’s army said to Joshua, “Take off your sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy.” And Joshua did so. (Ex 3:5; Ac 7:33)
1در سمت غربی رود اردن، اموریها و در امتداد ساحل دريای مديترانه کنعانیها سكونت داشتند. پادشاهان آنها وقتی شنيدند كه خداوند به خاطر بنیاسرائيل راه خشكی از ميان رود اردن پديد آورده تا از آن عبور كنند، سخت ترسيدند و جرأت مقابله با اسرائيل را از دست دادند.2-3در اين موقع خداوند به يوشع دستور داد كه تمام پسران و مردان اسرائيل ختنه شوند. خداوند به ايشان فرمود كه برای انجام اين عمل از سنگ چخماق استفاده كنند. محلی كه اسرائیلیها در آن ختنه شدند«تپهٔ ختنه» ناميده شد.4-5دليل اين كار اين بود كه تمام مردانی كه به سن جنگيدن رسيده بودند و موقع بيرون آمدن از مصر ختنه شده بودند، همگی در بيابان مرده بودند و پسران آنها كه پس از خروج از مصر متولد شده بودند، ختنه نشده بودند.6قوم اسرائيل چهل سال در بيابان سرگردان بودند تا اينكه تمام مردانی كه هنگام بيرون آمدن از مصر به سن جنگيدن رسيده بودند، مردند. آنها چون خداوند را اطاعت نكردند، او هم قسم خورد كه نگذارد وارد سرزمينی شوند كه وعدهٔ آن را به اجدادشان داده بود زمينی كه شير و عسل در آن جاری است.7پس يوشع پسرانی را كه بزرگ شده بودند و میبايست جای پدران خود را بگيرند، ختنه كرد.8پس از انجام عمل ختنه، همگی در خيمههای خود به استراحت پرداختند تا بهبود يابند.9سپس خداوند به يوشع فرمود: «امروز ننگ ختنه نشدن را از روی شما برداشتم.» جايی كه اسرائيلیها ختنه شدند، جلجال (يعنی«برداشتن») ناميده شد و تا به امروز به همان نام باقی است.10هنگامی كه قوم اسرائيل در جلجال واقع در دشت اريحا اردو زده بودند، شب چهاردهم ماه، عيد پِسَح را جشن گرفتند.11روز بعد به خوردن محصولات سرزمينی كه وارد آن شده بودند پرداختند و از گندم آنجا نان فطير پختند.12پس از آن، نان آسمانی كه به«مَنّ» معروف بود قطع گرديد و ديگر هرگز ديده نشد! قوم اسرائيل پس از آن برای خوراک، از محصولات سرزمين كنعان استفاده میكردند.
يوشع و مرد شمشير به دست
13روزی يوشع كه به شهر اريحا نزديک شده بود، چشمش به مردی شمشير به دست افتاد. يوشع به سوی او رفت و پرسيد: «دوست هستی يا دشمن؟»14آن مرد به يوشع گفت: «من فرماندهٔ لشكر خداوند هستم.» يوشع روی بر زمين نهاد و سجده كرده، گفت: «هر امری داری به بندهات بفرما.»15او به يوشع گفت: «كفشهايت را درآور، زيرا جايی كه ايستادهای مقدس است.» يوشع اطاعت كرد.