1I ask, then, has God rejected his people? By no means! For I myself am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham,[1] a member of the tribe of Benjamin. (1Sa 12:22; Jer 31:37; Jer 33:24; 2Co 11:22; Php 3:5)2God has not rejected his people whom he foreknew. Do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he appeals to God against Israel? (Ps 94:14; Ro 8:29)3“Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have demolished your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life.” (1Ki 19:10; 1Ki 19:14)4But what is God’s reply to him? “I have kept for myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” (1Ki 19:18)5So too at the present time there is a remnant, chosen by grace. (Jer 3:14; Zec 13:8; Ro 9:27)6But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works; otherwise grace would no longer be grace. (De 9:4; Ro 4:4)7What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect obtained it, but the rest were hardened, (Ro 9:31; Ro 11:25)8as it is written, “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that would not see and ears that would not hear, down to this very day.” (De 29:4; Isa 29:10; Isa 43:8; Jer 5:21; Eze 12:2; Mt 13:14; Eph 4:18)9And David says, “Let their table become a snare and a trap, a stumbling block and a retribution for them; (Ps 69:22)10let their eyes be darkened so that they cannot see, and bend their backs forever.”
Gentiles Grafted In
11So I ask, did they stumble in order that they might fall? By no means! Rather, through their trespass salvation has come to the Gentiles, so as to make Israel jealous. (Ac 28:28)12Now if their trespass means riches for the world, and if their failure means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full inclusion[2] mean!13Now I am speaking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch then as I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry (Ac 9:15; Ac 26:17; Ro 15:16)14in order somehow to make my fellow Jews jealous, and thus save some of them. (1Co 7:16; 1Co 9:22; 1Ti 4:16; Jas 5:20)15For if their rejection means the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance mean but life from the dead? (Ro 5:11)16If the dough offered as firstfruits is holy, so is the whole lump, and if the root is holy, so are the branches. (Nu 15:18; Ne 10:37; Eze 44:30)17But if some of the branches were broken off, and you, although a wild olive shoot, were grafted in among the others and now share in the nourishing root[3] of the olive tree, (Ps 52:8; Jer 11:16; Joh 15:2; Eph 2:12)18do not be arrogant toward the branches. If you are, remember it is not you who support the root, but the root that supports you.19Then you will say, “Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in.”20That is true. They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you stand fast through faith. So do not become proud, but fear. (Pr 28:14; Isa 66:2; Isa 66:5; Jer 44:10; Ro 12:3; Ro 12:16; 1Co 10:12; 2Co 1:24; Php 2:12; 1Ti 6:17)21For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you.22Note then the kindness and the severity of God: severity toward those who have fallen, but God’s kindness to you, provided you continue in his kindness. Otherwise you too will be cut off. (Joh 15:2; 1Co 15:2; Heb 3:6; Heb 3:14)23And even they, if they do not continue in their unbelief, will be grafted in, for God has the power to graft them in again. (2Co 3:16)24For if you were cut from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and grafted, contrary to nature, into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these, the natural branches, be grafted back into their own olive tree.
The Mystery of Israel’s Salvation
25Lest you be wise in your own sight, I do not want you to be unaware of this mystery, brothers:[4] a partial hardening has come upon Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. (Lu 21:24; Ro 11:7; Ro 12:16; 2Co 3:14; Re 7:9)26And in this way all Israel will be saved, as it is written, “The Deliverer will come from Zion, he will banish ungodliness from Jacob”; (Ps 14:7; Ps 53:6; Isa 59:20; Joh 4:22; Heb 8:8)27“and this will be my covenant with them when I take away their sins.” (Isa 27:9; Ro 9:4; Heb 8:12)28As regards the gospel, they are enemies for your sake. But as regards election, they are beloved for the sake of their forefathers. (De 7:8; De 10:15; Ro 9:5)29For the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable. (Ro 8:28)30For just as you were at one time disobedient to God but now have received mercy because of their disobedience, (Eph 2:2; Eph 2:11; Eph 2:13; Col 1:21; Col 3:7; Tit 3:3)31so they too have now been disobedient in order that by the mercy shown to you they also may now[5] receive mercy.32For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all. (Ro 3:9)33Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways! (De 29:29; Ps 139:6; Eph 3:10; Col 2:3)34“For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor?” (Job 15:8; Job 36:22; Isa 40:13; 1Co 2:16)35“Or who has given a gift to him that he might be repaid?” (Job 35:7; Job 41:11)36For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen. (Ro 16:27; 1Co 8:6; 1Co 11:12; Eph 3:21; Php 4:20; Col 1:16; 1Ti 1:17; Heb 2:10; 1Pe 4:11; 2Pe 3:18; Jud 1:25; Re 1:6; Re 5:13)
1I ask then: did God reject his people? By no means! I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin.2God did not reject his people, whom he foreknew. Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah – how he appealed to God against Israel:3‘Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me’? (1Ki 19:10; 1Ki 19:14)4And what was God’s answer to him? ‘I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.’ (1Ki 19:18)5So too, at the present time there is a remnant chosen by grace.6And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works; if it were, grace would no longer be grace.7What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain. The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,8as it is written: ‘God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that could not see and ears that could not hear, to this very day.’[1] (De 29:4; Isa 29:10)9And David says: ‘May their table become a snare and a trap, a stumbling-block and a retribution for them.10May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see, and their backs be bent for ever.’ (Ps 69:22; Ps 69:23)
Ingrafted branches
11Again I ask: did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all! Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles to make Israel envious.12But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles, how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!13I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles, I take pride in my ministry14in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy and save some of them.15For if their rejection brought reconciliation to the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?16If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.17If some of the branches have been broken off, and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root,18do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: you do not support the root, but the root supports you.19You will say then, ‘Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.’20Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith. Do not be arrogant, but tremble.21For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.22Consider therefore the kindness and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.23And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.24After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree, how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!
All Israel will be saved
25I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited: Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,26and in this way[2] all Israel will be saved. As it is written: ‘The deliverer will come from Zion; he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.27And this is[3] my covenant with them when I take away their sins.’[4] (Isa 27:9; Isa 59:20; Isa 59:21; Jer 31:33; Jer 31:34)28As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,29for God’s gifts and his call are irrevocable.30Just as you who were at one time disobedient to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience,31so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now[5] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you.32For God has bound everyone over to disobedience so that he may have mercy on them all.
Doxology
33Oh, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and[6] knowledge of God! How unsearchable his judgments, and his paths beyond tracing out!34‘Who has known the mind of the Lord? Or who has been his counsellor?’ (Isa 40:13)35‘Who has ever given to God, that God should repay them?’ (Job 41:11)36For from him and through him and for him are all things. To him be the glory for ever! Amen.
1So here is what I ask. Did God turn his back on his people? Not at all! I myself belong to Israel. I am one of Abraham’s children. I am from the tribe of Benjamin.2God didn’t turn his back on his people. After all, he chose them. Don’t you know what Scripture says about Elijah? He complained to God about Israel.3He said, ‘Lord, they have killed your prophets. They have torn down your altars. I’m the only one left. And they are trying to kill me.’ (1Ki 19:10; 1Ki 19:14)4How did God answer him? God said, ‘I have kept 7,000 people for myself. They have not bowed down to Baal.’ (1Ki 19:18)5Some are also faithful today. They have been chosen by God’s grace.6And if they are chosen by grace, then they can’t work for it. If that were true, grace wouldn’t be grace anymore.7What should we say then? The people of Israel did not receive what they wanted so badly. Those Israelites who were chosen did receive it. But the rest of the people were made stubborn.8It is written, ‘God made it hard for them to understand. He gave them eyes that could not see. He gave them ears that could not hear. And they are still like that today.’ (De 29:4; Isa 29:10)9David says, ‘Let their feast be a trap and a snare. Let them trip and fall. Let them get what’s coming to them.10Let their eyes grow dark so they can’t see. Let their backs be bent for ever.’ (Ps 69:22; Ps 69:23)
Two kinds of olive branches
11Again, here is what I ask. The Israelites didn’t trip and fall once and for all time, did they? Not at all! Because Israel sinned, the Gentiles can be saved. That will make Israel jealous of them.12Israel’s sin brought riches to the world. Their loss brings riches to the Gentiles. So then what greater riches will come when all Israel turns to God!13I am talking to you who are not Jews. I am the apostle to the Gentiles. So I take pride in the work I do for God and others.14I hope somehow to stir up my own people to want what you have. Perhaps I can save some of them.15When they were not accepted, it became possible for the whole world to be brought back to God. So what will happen when they are accepted? It will be like life from the dead.16The first handful of dough that is offered is holy. This makes all of the dough holy. If the root is holy, so are the branches.17Some of the natural branches have been broken off. You are a wild olive branch. But you have been joined to the tree with the other branches. Now you enjoy the life-giving sap of the olive tree root.18So don’t think you are better than the other branches. Remember, you don’t give life to the root. The root gives life to you.19You will say, ‘Some branches were broken off so that I could be joined to the tree.’20That’s true. But they were broken off because they didn’t believe. You stand only because you do believe. So don’t be proud, but tremble.21God didn’t spare the natural branches. He won’t spare you either.22Think about how kind God is! Also think about how firm he is! He was hard on those who stopped following him. But he is kind to you. So you must continue to live in his kindness. If you don’t, you also will be cut off.23If the people of Israel do not continue in their unbelief, they will again be joined to the tree. God is able to join them to the tree again.24After all, weren’t you cut from a wild olive tree? Weren’t you joined to an olive tree that was taken care of? And wasn’t that the opposite of how things should be done? How much more easily will the natural branches be joined to their own olive tree!
All Israel will be saved
25Brothers and sisters, here is a mystery I want you to understand. It will keep you from being proud. Part of Israel has refused to obey God. That will continue until the full number of Gentiles has entered God’s kingdom.26In this way all Israel will be saved. It is written, ‘The God who saves will come from Mount Zion. He will remove sin from Jacob’s family.27Here is my covenant with them. I will take away their sins.’ (Isa 27:9; Isa 59:20; Isa 59:21; Jer 31:33; Jer 31:34)28As far as the good news is concerned, the people of Israel are enemies. This is for your good. But as far as God’s choice is concerned, the people of Israel are loved. This is because of God’s promises to the founders of our nation.29God does not take back his gifts. He does not change his mind about those he has chosen.30At one time you did not obey God. But now you have received mercy because Israel did not obey.31In the same way, Israel has not been obeying God. But now they receive mercy because of God’s mercy to you.32God has found everyone guilty of not obeying him. So now he can have mercy on everyone.
Praise to God
33How very rich are God’s wisdom and knowledge! How he judges is more than we can understand! The way he deals with people is more than we can know!34‘Who can ever know what the Lord is thinking? Or who can ever give him advice?’ (Isa 40:13)35‘Has anyone ever given anything to God, so that God has to pay them back?’ (Job 41:11)36All things come from him. All things are directed by him. All things are for his praise. May God be given the glory for ever! Amen.
Romans 11
King James Version
1I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.2God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying,3Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.4But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.5Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.6And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then is it no more grace: otherwise work is no more work.7What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded8(According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day.9And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them:10Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.11I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy.12Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?13For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:14If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.15For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?16For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.17And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert graffed in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree;18Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.19Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be graffed in.20Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear:21For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.22Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off.23And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be graffed in: for God is able to graff them in again.24For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be graffed into their own olive tree?25For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.26And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:27For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.28As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes.29For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.30For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief:31Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy.32For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.33O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!34For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?35Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?36For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.
1Ich frage also: Hat Gott sein Volk verstoßen? Keineswegs! Denn auch ich bin ein Israelit, ein Nachkomme Abrahams, aus dem Stamm Benjamin. (2Co 11:22; Php 3:5)2Gott hat sein Volk nicht verstoßen, das er im Voraus erwählt hat.
Oder wisst ihr nicht, was die Schrift von Elija sagt, wie er vor Gott gegen Israel Klage führt? (1Sa 12:22; Ps 94:14)3Herr, sie haben deine Propheten getötet und deine Altäre zerstört. Ich allein bin übrig geblieben und nun trachten sie auch mir nach dem Leben. (1Ki 19:10)4Aber was sagt ihm der Gottesspruch? Ich habe siebentausend Männer für mich übrig gelassen, die ihr Knie nicht vor Baal gebeugt haben. (1Ki 19:18)5Ebenso gibt es auch in der gegenwärtigen Zeit einen Rest, der aus Gnade erwählt ist -6wenn aber aus Gnade, dann nicht mehr aufgrund von Werken, weil sonst die Gnade nicht mehr Gnade wäre. (Ro 4:4)7Was bedeutet das nun? Was Israel erstrebt, das hat es nicht erlangt, aber der erwählte Rest hat es erlangt; die Übrigen aber wurden verstockt,8wie geschrieben steht: Gott gab ihnen einen Geist der Betäubung, Augen, die nicht sehen, und Ohren, die nicht hören, bis zum heutigen Tag. (Isa 29:10; Mt 13:13; Ac 28:26)9Und David sagt: Ihr Opfertisch werde für sie zur Schlinge und zur Falle, zur Ursache des Sturzes und der Bestrafung. (Ps 69:23)10Ihre Augen sollen erblinden, sodass sie nicht sehen; ihren Rücken beuge ständig!
Israel und die Heidenchristen. Zwei miteinander verschränkte Wege
11Nun frage ich: Sind sie etwa gestrauchelt, damit sie zu Fall kommen? Keineswegs! Vielmehr kam durch ihren Fehltritt das Heil zu den Heiden, um sie selbst eifersüchtig zu machen. (Ro 10:19)12Wenn aber ihr Fehltritt Reichtum für die Welt bedeutet und ihre geringe Zahl Reichtum für die Heiden, um wie viel mehr ihre Vollzahl!13Euch aber, den Heiden, sage ich: Gerade als Apostel der Heiden preise ich meinen Dienst,14weil ich hoffe, die Angehörigen meines Volkes eifersüchtig zu machen und wenigstens einige von ihnen zu retten.15Denn wenn schon ihre Zurückweisung für die Welt Versöhnung bedeutet, was wird dann ihre Annahme anderes sein als Leben aus den Toten? (Ro 5:10; 2Co 5:18)
Gleichnisse Die Erstlingsgabe vom Teig und der Ölbaum
16Ist aber die Erstlingsgabe vom Teig heilig, so ist es auch der ganze Teig; und ist die Wurzel heilig, so sind es auch die Zweige.17Wenn aber einige Zweige herausgebrochen wurden, du aber als Zweig vom wilden Ölbaum mitten unter ihnen eingepfropft wurdest und damit Anteil erhieltest an der kraftvollen Wurzel des edlen Ölbaums, (Jer 11:16)18so rühme dich nicht gegen die anderen Zweige! Wenn du dich aber rühmst, sollst du wissen: Nicht du trägst die Wurzel, sondern die Wurzel trägt dich.19Nun wirst du sagen: Die Zweige wurden doch herausgebrochen, damit ich eingepfropft werde.20Gewiss, wegen des Unglaubens wurden sie herausgebrochen. Du aber stehst durch den Glauben. Sei daher nicht überheblich, sondern fürchte dich! (1Co 10:12)21Hat nämlich Gott die Zweige, die von Natur zum edlen Baum gehören, nicht verschont, so wird er auch dich nicht verschonen.22Siehe nun die Güte Gottes und seine Strenge! Die Strenge gegen jene, die gefallen sind, Gottes Güte aber gegen dich, sofern du in seiner Güte bleibst; sonst wirst auch du herausgehauen werden. (Joh 15:2)23Ebenso werden auch jene, wenn sie nicht im Unglauben bleiben, wieder eingepfropft werden; denn Gott hat die Macht, sie wieder einzupfropfen.24Wenn du nämlich aus dem von Natur wilden Ölbaum herausgehauen und gegen die Natur in den edlen Ölbaum eingepfropft wurdest, dann werden erst recht sie als die von Natur zugehörigen Zweige ihrem eigenen Ölbaum wieder eingepfropft werden.
Das Geheimnis der Errettung ganz Israels
25Denn ich will euch, Brüder und Schwestern, nicht in Unkenntnis über dieses Geheimnis lassen, damit ihr euch nicht selbst für klug haltet: Verstockung liegt auf einem Teil Israels, bis die Vollzahl der Heiden hereingekommen ist, (Lu 21:24)26und so wird ganz Israel gerettet werden, wie geschrieben steht:
Es wird kommen aus Zion der Retter, / er wird alle Gottlosigkeit von Jakob entfernen. (Isa 59:20)27Und das ist der Bund, den ich für sie gestiftet habe, / wenn ich ihre Sünden hinwegnehme. (Isa 27:9; Jer 31:33)28Vom Evangelium her gesehen sind sie Feinde, und das um euretwillen; von ihrer Erwählung her gesehen aber sind sie Geliebte, und das um der Väter willen. (1Th 2:15)29Denn unwiderruflich sind die Gnadengaben und die Berufung Gottes. (Nu 23:19; Ro 9:6)30Denn wie ihr einst Gott ungehorsam wart, jetzt aber infolge ihres Ungehorsams Erbarmen gefunden habt,31so sind auch sie infolge des Erbarmens, das ihr gefunden habt, ungehorsam geworden, damit jetzt auch sie Erbarmen finden.32Denn Gott hat alle in den Ungehorsam eingeschlossen, um sich aller zu erbarmen. (Ga 3:22)
Hymnus auf die Unergründlichkeit der Wege Gottes
33O Tiefe des Reichtums, der Weisheit und der Erkenntnis Gottes! Wie unergründlich sind seine Entscheidungen, wie unerforschlich seine Wege! (Ps 139:17)34Denn wer hat die Gedanken des Herrn erkannt? Oder wer ist sein Ratgeber gewesen? (Isa 40:13; 1Co 2:16)35Oder wer hat ihm etwas gegeben, sodass Gott ihm etwas zurückgeben müsste? (Job 41:3; Isa 40:14)36Denn aus ihm und durch ihn und auf ihn hin ist die ganze Schöpfung. Ihm sei Ehre in Ewigkeit! Amen. (1Co 8:6)