1 Kings 12 | English Standard Version

English Standard Version

Rehoboam’s Folly

1 Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had come to Shechem to make him king. (Jud 9:6; 2Ch 10:1) 2 And as soon as Jeroboam the son of Nebat heard of it (for he was still in Egypt, where he had fled from King Solomon), then Jeroboam returned from^[1] Egypt. (1Ki 11:26; 1Ki 11:40) 3 And they sent and called him, and Jeroboam and all the assembly of Israel came and said to Rehoboam, 4 “Your father made our yoke heavy. Now therefore lighten the hard service of your father and his heavy yoke on us, and we will serve you.” (1Sa 8:11; 1Ki 4:7; 1Ki 4:22; 1Ki 9:15)

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5 He said to them, “Go away for three days, then come again to me.” So the people went away. (1Ki 12:12) 6 Then King Rehoboam took counsel with the old men, who had stood before Solomon his father while he was yet alive, saying, “How do you advise me to answer this people?” 7 And they said to him, “If you will be a servant to this people today and serve them, and speak good words to them when you answer them, then they will be your servants forever.” 8 But he abandoned the counsel that the old men gave him and took counsel with the young men who had grown up with him and stood before him. 9 And he said to them, “What do you advise that we answer this people who have said to me, ‘Lighten the yoke that your father put on us’?” 10 And the young men who had grown up with him said to him, “Thus shall you speak to this people who said to you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but you lighten it for us,’ thus shall you say to them, ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s thighs. 11 And now, whereas my father laid on you a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. My father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.’” (1Ki 12:4) 12 So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam the third day, as the king said, “Come to me again the third day.” (1Ki 12:5) 13 And the king answered the people harshly, and forsaking the counsel that the old men had given him, 14 he spoke to them according to the counsel of the young men, saying, “My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke. My father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.” (1Ki 12:4) 15 So the king did not listen to the people, for it was a turn of affairs brought about by the LORD that he might fulfill his word, which the LORD spoke by Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam the son of Nebat. (1Ki 11:11; 1Ki 11:31; 1Ki 12:24)

The Kingdom Divided

16 And when all Israel saw that the king did not listen to them, the people answered the king, “What portion do we have in David? We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse. To your tents, O Israel! Look now to your own house, David.” So Israel went to their tents. (2Sa 20:1) 17 But Rehoboam reigned over the people of Israel who lived in the cities of Judah. (1Ki 11:13; 1Ki 11:36) 18 Then King Rehoboam sent Adoram, who was taskmaster over the forced labor, and all Israel stoned him to death with stones. And King Rehoboam hurried to mount his chariot to flee to Jerusalem. (1Ki 4:6; 1Ki 5:14) 19 So Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day. (2Ki 17:21) 20 And when all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned, they sent and called him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel. There was none that followed the house of David but the tribe of Judah only. (1Ki 11:13; 1Ki 11:32; 1Ki 11:36) 21 When Rehoboam came to Jerusalem, he assembled all the house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin, 180,000 chosen warriors, to fight against the house of Israel, to restore the kingdom to Rehoboam the son of Solomon. (2Ch 11:1) 22 But the word of God came to Shemaiah the man of God: (2Ch 12:5; 2Ch 12:7; 2Ch 12:15) 23 “Say to Rehoboam the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and to all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the rest of the people, (1Ki 12:17) 24 ‘Thus says the LORD, You shall not go up or fight against your relatives the people of Israel. Every man return to his home, for this thing is from me.’” So they listened to the word of the LORD and went home again, according to the word of the LORD. (1Ki 12:15)

Jeroboam’s Golden Calves

25 Then Jeroboam built Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim and lived there. And he went out from there and built Penuel. (Jud 8:17; Jud 9:45) 26 And Jeroboam said in his heart, “Now the kingdom will turn back to the house of David. 27 If this people go up to offer sacrifices in the temple of the LORD at Jerusalem, then the heart of this people will turn again to their lord, to Rehoboam king of Judah, and they will kill me and return to Rehoboam king of Judah.” (De 12:5; De 12:6) 28 So the king took counsel and made two calves of gold. And he said to the people, “You have gone up to Jerusalem long enough. Behold your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.” (Ex 32:4; Ex 32:8; 2Ki 10:29; 2Ki 17:16; 2Ch 11:15; 2Ch 13:8; Ho 8:5; Ho 8:6; Ho 10:5; Ho 13:2; Ho 14:9)

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29 And he set one in Bethel, and the other he put in Dan. 30 Then this thing became a sin, for the people went as far as Dan to be before one.^[2] (1Ki 13:34; 2Ki 17:21) 31 He also made temples on high places and appointed priests from among all the people, who were not of the Levites. (1Ki 13:32; 1Ki 13:33; 2Ki 17:32; 2Ch 11:14; 2Ch 11:15; 2Ch 13:9)

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32 And Jeroboam appointed a feast on the fifteenth day of the eighth month like the feast that was in Judah, and he offered sacrifices on the altar. So he did in Bethel, sacrificing to the calves that he made. And he placed in Bethel the priests of the high places that he had made. (Le 23:33; Le 23:34; Nu 29:12; 1Ki 13:2; Am 7:13)

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33 He went up to the altar that he had made in Bethel on the fifteenth day in the eighth month, in the month that he had devised from his own heart. And he instituted a feast for the people of Israel and went up to the altar to make offerings. (1Ki 13:1)

King James Version

1 And Rehoboam went to Shechem: for all Israel were come to Shechem to make him king. 2 And it came to pass, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who was yet in Egypt, heard of it , (for he was fled from the presence of king Solomon, and Jeroboam dwelt in Egypt;) 3 That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying, 4 Thy father made our yoke grievous: now therefore make thou the grievous service of thy father, and his heavy yoke which he put upon us, lighter, and we will serve thee. 5 And he said unto them, Depart yet for three days, then come again to me. And the people departed. 6 And king Rehoboam consulted with the old men, that stood before Solomon his father while he yet lived, and said, How do ye advise that I may answer this people? 7 And they spake unto him, saying, If thou wilt be a servant unto this people this day, and wilt serve them, and answer them, and speak good words to them, then they will be thy servants for ever. 8 But he forsook the counsel of the old men, which they had given him, and consulted with the young men that were grown up with him, and which stood before him: 9 And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke which thy father did put upon us lighter? 10 And the young men that were grown up with him spake unto him, saying, Thus shalt thou speak unto this people that spake unto thee, saying, Thy father made our yoke heavy, but make thou it lighter unto us; thus shalt thou say unto them, My little finger shall be thicker than my father' loins. 11 And now whereas my father did lade you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke: my father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. 12 So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam the third day, as the king had appointed, saying, Come to me again the third day. 13 And the king answered the people roughly, and forsook the old men' counsel that they gave him; 14 And spake to them after the counsel of the young men, saying, My father made your yoke heavy, and I will add to your yoke: my father also chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. 15 Wherefore the king hearkened not unto the people; for the cause was from the LORD, that he might perform his saying, which the LORD spake by Ahijah the Shilonite unto Jeroboam the son of Nebat. 16 So when all Israel saw that the king hearkened not unto them, the people answered the king, saying, What portion have we in David? neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: to your tents, O Israel: now see to thine own house, David. So Israel departed unto their tents. 17 But as for the children of Israel which dwelt in the cities of Judah, Rehoboam reigned over them. 18 Then king Rehoboam sent Adoram, who was over the tribute; and all Israel stoned him with stones, that he died. Therefore king Rehoboam made speed to get him up to his chariot, to flee to Jerusalem. 19 So Israel rebelled against the house of David unto this day. 20 And it came to pass, when all Israel heard that Jeroboam was come again, that they sent and called him unto the congregation, and made him king over all Israel: there was none that followed the house of David, but the tribe of Judah only. 21 And when Rehoboam was come to Jerusalem, he assembled all the house of Judah, with the tribe of Benjamin, an hundred and fourscore thousand chosen men, which were warriors, to fight against the house of Israel, to bring the kingdom again to Rehoboam the son of Solomon. 22 But the word of God came unto Shemaiah the man of God, saying, 23 Speak unto Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and unto all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the remnant of the people, saying, 24 Thus saith the LORD, Ye shall not go up, nor fight against your brethren the children of Israel: return every man to his house; for this thing is from me. They hearkened therefore to the word of the LORD, and returned to depart, according to the word of the LORD. 25 Then Jeroboam built Shechem in mount Ephraim, and dwelt therein; and went out from thence, and built Penuel. 26 And Jeroboam said in his heart, Now shall the kingdom return to the house of David: 27 If this people go up to do sacrifice in the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, then shall the heart of this people turn again unto their lord, even unto Rehoboam king of Judah, and they shall kill me, and go again to Rehoboam king of Judah. 28 Whereupon the king took counsel, and made two calves of gold, and said unto them, It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem: behold thy gods, O Israel, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt. 29 And he set the one in Bethel, and the other put he in Dan. 30 And this thing became a sin: for the people went to worship before the one, even unto Dan. 31 And he made an house of high places, and made priests of the lowest of the people, which were not of the sons of Levi. 32 And Jeroboam ordained a feast in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month, like unto the feast that is in Judah, and he offered upon the altar. So did he in Bethel, sacrificing unto the calves that he had made: and he placed in Bethel the priests of the high places which he had made. 33 So he offered upon the altar which he had made in Bethel the fifteenth day of the eighth month, even in the month which he had devised of his own heart; and ordained a feast unto the children of Israel: and he offered upon the altar, and burnt incense.

Nuova Riveduta 2006

from Società Biblica di Ginevra

Roboamo, re di Giuda; Geroboamo, re d’Israele

1 Roboamo andò a Sichem, perché tutto Israele era venuto a Sichem per farlo re. 2 Quando Geroboamo, figlio di Nebat, lo seppe, si trovava ancora in Egitto, dov’era fuggito per scampare dal re Salomone; egli abitava in Egitto, 3 e lo mandarono a chiamare. Allora Geroboamo e tutta l’assemblea d’Israele vennero a parlare a Roboamo e gli dissero: 4 «Tuo padre ha reso duro il nostro giogo; ora rendi tu più lievi la dura servitù e il giogo pesante che tuo padre ci ha imposti, e noi ti serviremo». 5 Egli rispose loro: «Andatevene, e tornate da me fra tre giorni». E il popolo se ne andò. 6 Il re Roboamo si consigliò con i vecchi che erano stati al servizio del re Salomone suo padre mentre era vivo, e disse: «Che cosa mi consigliate di rispondere a questo popolo?» 7 E quelli gli parlarono così: «Se oggi tu ti fai servo di questo popolo, se gli cedi, se gli rispondi e gli parli con bontà, ti sarà servo per sempre». 8 Ma Roboamo trascurò il consiglio datogli dai vecchi e si consigliò con i giovani che erano cresciuti con lui ed erano al suo servizio, 9 e disse loro: «Come consigliate di rispondere a questo popolo che mi ha parlato dicendo: “Allevia il giogo che tuo padre ci ha imposto”?» 10 I giovani che erano cresciuti con lui gli risposero: «Ecco quel che dirai a questo popolo che si è rivolto a te dicendo: “Tuo padre ha reso pesante il nostro giogo, e tu rendilo più leggero!” Gli risponderai così: “Il mio dito mignolo è più grosso del corpo di mio padre; 11 mio padre vi ha caricati di un giogo pesante, ma io lo renderò più pesante ancora; mio padre vi ha castigati con la frusta, e io vi castigherò con i flagelli a punte”». 12 Tre giorni dopo Geroboamo e tutto il popolo vennero da Roboamo, come aveva ordinato il re dicendo: «Tornate da me fra tre giorni». 13 Il re rispose duramente al popolo, abbandonando il consiglio che i vecchi gli avevano dato; 14 parlò loro secondo il consiglio dei giovani e disse: «Mio padre ha reso pesante il vostro giogo, ma io lo renderò più pesante ancora; mio padre vi ha castigati con la frusta, e io vi castigherò con i flagelli a punte». 15 Così il re non diede ascolto al popolo; perché tutto ciò era diretto dal Signore, affinché si adempisse la parola che il Signore aveva pronunciata per mezzo di Aiia di Silo a Geroboamo, figlio di Nebat. 16 Quando tutto Israele vide che il re non gli dava ascolto, rispose al re, dicendo: «Che abbiamo da fare con Davide? Noi non abbiamo nulla in comune con il figlio d’Isai! Alle tue tende, o Israele! Provvedi ora tu alla tua casa, o Davide!» E Israele se ne andò alle sue tende. 17 Ma sui figli d’Israele che abitavano nelle città di Giuda regnò Roboamo. 18 Il re Roboamo mandò loro Adoram, responsabile dei lavori forzati; ma tutto Israele lo lapidò, ed egli morì. E il re Roboamo salì in fretta sopra un carro per fuggire a Gerusalemme. 19 Così Israele si ribellò alla casa di Davide, ed è rimasto ribelle fino a oggi. 20 Quando tutto Israele udì che Geroboamo era tornato, lo mandò a chiamare perché venisse alla comunità, e lo fece re su tutto Israele. Nessuno seguì la casa di Davide, tranne la sola tribù di Giuda. 21 Quando Roboamo giunse a Gerusalemme, radunò tutta la casa di Giuda e la tribù di Beniamino, centottantamila uomini, guerrieri scelti, per combattere contro la casa d’Israele e restituire il regno a Roboamo, figlio di Salomone. 22 Ma la parola di Dio fu rivolta a Semaia, uomo di Dio, in questi termini: 23 «Parla a Roboamo, figlio di Salomone, re di Giuda, a tutta la casa di Giuda e di Beniamino e al resto del popolo, e di’ loro: 24 “Così parla il Signore: ‘Non salite a combattere contro i vostri fratelli, i figli d’Israele! Ognuno se ne torni a casa sua; perché questo è avvenuto per mia volontà’”». Quelli ubbidirono alla parola del Signore e se ne tornarono, secondo la parola del Signore.

Idolatria di Geroboamo: i vitelli d’oro

25 Geroboamo costruì Sichem nella regione montuosa di Efraim e vi si stabilì; poi uscì di là e costruì Penuel. 26 Geroboamo disse in cuor suo: «Ora il regno potrebbe benissimo tornare alla casa di Davide. 27 Se questo popolo sale a Gerusalemme per offrire sacrifici nella casa del Signore, il suo cuore si volgerà verso il suo signore, verso Roboamo, re di Giuda, mi uccideranno e torneranno a Roboamo, re di Giuda». 28 Il re, quindi, dopo essersi consigliato, fece due vitelli d’oro e disse al popolo: «Siete ormai saliti abbastanza a Gerusalemme! O Israele, ecco i tuoi dèi che ti hanno fatto uscire dal paese d’Egitto^[1]!» 29 E ne mise uno a Betel e l’altro a Dan. 30 Questo diventò un’occasione di peccato, perché il popolo andava fino a Dan per presentarsi davanti a uno di quei vitelli. 31 Egli fece anche dei santuari di alti luoghi e creò dei sacerdoti, presi qua e là dal popolo, che non erano dei figli di Levi^[2]. 32 Geroboamo istituì pure una solennità nell’ottavo mese, nel quindicesimo giorno del mese, simile alla solennità che si celebrava in Giuda, e offrì dei sacrifici sull’altare. Così fece a Betel perché si offrissero sacrifici ai vitelli che egli aveva fatti; e a Betel stabilì i sacerdoti degli alti luoghi che aveva eretti. 33 Il quindicesimo giorno dell’ottavo mese, che aveva scelto di testa sua, Geroboamo salì all’altare che aveva costruito a Betel, celebrò una solennità per i figli d’Israele e salì all’altare per bruciare incenso.

Hoffnung für alle

from Biblica

Israel sagt sich vom Königshaus David los

1 Rehabeam reiste nach Sichem, denn dort wollte ganz Israel ihn zum König krönen. (2Ch 10:1) 2 Jerobeam, der Sohn von Nebat, erfuhr noch in Ägypten davon, wohin er vor König Salomo geflohen war. Er kam sofort zurück,^[1] (2Ch 10:2) 3 und die Israeliten schickten Abgesandte zu ihm, um ihn nach Sichem zu holen. Dort angekommen, traten sie vor Rehabeam und sagten zu ihm: 4 »Dein Vater war ein strenger Herrscher. Er hat hohe Steuern verlangt und uns zu harter Arbeit gezwungen. Wir erkennen dich nur als König an, wenn du uns nicht so schwere Lasten aufbürdest wie dein Vater!« 5 Rehabeam antwortete: »Gebt mir drei Tage Bedenkzeit und dann kommt wieder!« Da wurde die Versammlung für drei Tage unterbrochen. 6 In der Zwischenzeit rief Rehabeam die alten königlichen Berater zu sich, die schon im Dienst seines Vaters gestanden hatten, und fragte sie: »Was ratet ihr mir? Welche Antwort soll ich dem Volk geben?« 7 Sie antworteten: »Sei freundlich zu ihnen und gib ihnen, was sie fordern! Wenn du heute bereit bist, auf dein Volk zu hören und ihm zu dienen, dann wird dein Volk morgen auf dich hören und dir dienen.« 8 Aber der Ratschlag der alten Männer gefiel Rehabeam nicht. Darum fragte er seine jungen Berater, die mit ihm zusammen aufgewachsen waren und nun in seinem Dienst standen: 9 »Was meint ihr: Was soll ich dem Volk antworten? Sie verlangen von mir, dass ich ihnen nicht so schwere Lasten auferlege wie mein Vater.« 10 Die jungen Männer rieten ihm: »Diese Leute beschweren sich über deinen Vater und wollen, dass du sie sanfter anfasst? Sag ihnen: ›Im Vergleich zu mir war mein Vater ein Weichling! 11 Er hat euch zwar nicht gerade geschont, aber ich werde noch ganz anders durchgreifen! Er ließ euch mit Peitschen antreiben, ich aber werde Peitschen mit Stacheln nehmen!‹« 12 Drei Tage später sprachen Jerobeam und die Abgesandten des Volkes wieder bei Rehabeam vor. 13 Der König gab ihnen eine harte Antwort. Er hörte nicht auf den Rat der Alten, 14 sondern schleuderte dem Volk die Worte an den Kopf, die ihm seine jungen Altersgenossen vorgesagt hatten: »Es stimmt, mein Vater war nicht gerade zimperlich mit euch, aber ich werde noch ganz anders mit euch umspringen! Er ließ euch mit Peitschen antreiben, ich aber werde Peitschen mit Stacheln nehmen!« 15 Der HERR hatte Rehabeam für die Bitten des Volkes taub gemacht. Denn nun sollte sich erfüllen, was Ahija aus Silo Jerobeam, dem Sohn von Nebat, im Auftrag des HERRN vorausgesagt hatte. 16 Als die Israeliten merkten, dass der König nicht auf sie hören wollte, riefen sie ihm zu: »Was geht uns Davids Sippe noch an? Warum geben wir uns noch mit euch ab? Wir wollen nichts mehr mit euch zu tun haben! Los, gehen wir heim!« Und sie zogen fort. 17 Nur die Israeliten aus dem Stammesgebiet von Juda erkannten Rehabeam als König an. 18 Da schickte Rehabeam Adoniram, den Aufseher über die Fronarbeiter, zu den Nordstämmen, um noch einmal mit ihnen zu verhandeln. Doch die aufgebrachte Menge steinigte Adoniram zu Tode. König Rehabeam konnte sich gerade noch in einen Wagen retten und nach Jerusalem fliehen. 19 So sagten sich die Stämme Nordisraels vom Königshaus David los und sind noch heute von ihm getrennt. 20 Als es sich im Nordreich Israel herumgesprochen hatte, dass Jerobeam aus Ägypten zurückgekehrt war, ließ man ihn zur Volksversammlung rufen und krönte ihn dort zum König über das ganze Nordreich Israel. Nur der Stamm Juda hielt zu Rehabeam, dem Nachkommen von David.

Rehabeam soll Israel nicht zurückerobern

21 Als Rehabeam nach Jerusalem zurückkam, rief er sofort die besten Soldaten der Stämme Juda und Benjamin zum Kampf gegen Israel auf. Es waren 180.000 Mann. So wollte Rehabeam, Salomos Sohn, die Herrschaft über ganz Israel zurückgewinnen. (2Ch 11:1) 22 Doch da sprach Gott zum Propheten Schemaja: 23 »Bring König Rehabeam von Juda, Salomos Sohn, und allen Bewohnern der Stammesgebiete Juda und Benjamin diese Botschaft: 24 So spricht der HERR: Ihr sollt nicht gegen eure Brüder, die Israeliten, Krieg führen! Geht wieder nach Hause! Alles, was geschehen ist, habe ich selbst so kommen lassen.« Sie gehorchten dem Befehl des HERRN und kehrten nach Hause zurück.

König Jerobeam verführt Israel zum Götzendienst

25 Jerobeam ließ die Stadt Sichem im Gebirge Ephraim ausbauen, er machte sie zur Hauptstadt und wohnte dort. Dann zog er weiter nach Pnuël und baute auch diese Stadt aus. 26 Immer mehr aber fürchtete er, Israel könne sich am Ende doch wieder König Rehabeam zuwenden, weil er ein Nachkomme von David war. 27 »Wenn das Volk regelmäßig nach Jerusalem geht«, so dachte er, »und dort im Tempel des HERRN seine Opfer darbringt, dann werden sie auch bald wieder König Rehabeam von Juda als ihren König anerkennen. Ist es aber erst einmal so weit, dann bringen sie mich um.« 28 Darum ließ er zwei goldene Kälber herstellen. Dem Volk erklärte er: »Es ist viel zu umständlich für euch, für jedes Opfer immer nach Jerusalem zu gehen! Seht, ihr Israeliten, hier ist euer Gott, der euch aus Ägypten geführt hat!« 29 Er ließ eine Götzenfigur in Bethel aufstellen, die andere in Dan. 30 Als das eine Kalb nach Dan gebracht wurde, begleiteten die Israeliten es in einer feierlichen Prozession. So brachte Jerobeam das ganze Volk dazu, gegen den Herrn zu sündigen. 31 Aber er ging noch weiter: Er ließ auf vielen Hügeln Opferstätten und Heiligtümer für die Götzen errichten. Dafür ernannte er auch Israeliten zu Priestern, die nicht zum Stamm Levi gehörten. 32 Er bestimmte einen Tag im Herbst, den 15. Tag des 8. Monats, an dem ein ähnliches Fest gefeiert werden sollte wie das Laubhüttenfest in Juda. Er selbst wollte an diesem Tag in Bethel die Stufen zum Altar hinaufsteigen, um den Kälbern, die er hatte anfertigen lassen, Opfer zu bringen. In Bethel weihte er auch die Priester, die er für den Dienst bei den neuen Opferstätten einsetzen wollte.

Ein Prophet mit einer unbequemen Botschaft

33 Am 15. Tag des 8. Monats, dem Tag, den Jerobeam eigenmächtig festgesetzt hatte, feierten die Israeliten das angekündigte Fest in Bethel. Vor allen Festbesuchern stieg Jerobeam die Stufen zum Altar hinauf, um Opfer darzubringen.