JOSEF A JEHO BRATŘI - Bratři nenávidí Josefa, kterého otec obzvlášť miluje. Snaží se ho zahubit a prodají ho do Egypta.
1 I usadil se Jákob v zemi, v níž jeho otec pobýval jako host, v zemi kenaanské.2 Toto je rodopis Jákobův. Sedmnáctiletý Josef pásal se svými bratry ovce. Byl to mládenec, který býval se syny žen svého otce, Bilhy a Zilpy. Josef přinášel svému otci o svých bratrech zlé zprávy.3 Izrael Josefa miloval ze všech svých synů nejvíce; vždyť to byl syn jeho stáří. Proto mu udělal pestře tkanou suknici.4 Když bratři viděli, že ho otec miluje nade všechny bratry, začali ho nenávidět a nepromluvili na něho pokojného slova. 5 Jednou měl Josef sen a pověděl jej svým bratrům; nenáviděli ho pak ještě více.6 Řekl jim totiž: „Slyšte prosím, jaký jsem měl sen:7 Vážeme na poli snopy. Tu povstane můj snop a zůstane stát. A hle, vaše snopy obcházely kolem něho a klaněly se mému snopu.“8 Bratři mu odpověděli: „To budeš nad námi kralovat jako král či mezi námi vládnout jako vladař?“ A nenáviděli ho pro jeho sny a pro jeho slova ještě víc.9 Měl pak ještě jiný sen a vypravoval jej svým bratrům: „Měl jsem opět sen: Klanělo se mi slunce, měsíc a jedenáct hvězd.“10 To vyprávěl otci a bratrům. Otec ho okřikl: „Jaký žes to měl sen? Že i já, tvá matka a tvoji bratři přijdeme, abychom se před tebou skláněli k zemi?“11 Bratři na něho žárlili, ale otec na to nepřestával myslet. 12 Bratři pak odešli, aby pásli ovce svého otce v Šekemu.13 Tu Izrael řekl Josefovi: „Zdalipak nepasou tvoji bratři v Šekemu? Pojď, rád bych tě za nimi poslal.“ On mu odvětil: „Tu jsem.“14 Izrael mu řekl: „Jdi a podívej se, je-li s tvými bratry a s ovcemi vše v pořádku, a podej mi zprávu.“ Poslal ho tedy z chebrónské doliny a on přišel do Šekemu.15 Tu ho nalezl nějaký muž, jak bloudí po poli, a zeptal se ho: „Co hledáš?“16 Odvětil: „Hledám své bratry. Pověz mi prosím, kde pasou.“17 Muž mu řekl: „Odtáhli odtud. Slyšel jsem, jak říkají: ‚Pojďme do Dótanu.‘“ Josef tedy šel za svými bratry a nalezl je v Dótanu.18 Jakmile ho v dálce spatřili, ještě než se k nim přiblížil, smluvili se proti němu, že ho usmrtí.19 Řekli si mezi sebou: „Hle, mistr snů sem přichází!20 Pojďte, zabijme ho! Pak ho vhodíme do některé cisterny a řekneme: Sežrala ho divá zvěř. A uvidíme, co bude z jeho snů!“21 Když to uslyšel Rúben, rozhodl se vysvobodit ho z jejich rukou. Zvolal: „Přece ho nebudeme ubíjet!“22 Dále jim Rúben řekl: „Neprolévejte krev. Vhoďte ho do cisterny, která je ve stepi, ale ruku na něj nevztahujte!“ Chtěl ho z rukou bratrů vysvobodit a přivést k otci.23 Jakmile Josef přišel k bratrům, strhli z něho suknici, tu suknici pestře tkanou, kterou měl na sobě.24 Vzali ho a hodili do cisterny. Cisterna byla prázdná, bez vody. 25 Pak se posadili, aby jedli chléb. Tu se rozhlédli a spatřili, jak od Gileádu přichází karavana Izmaelců; jejich velbloudi nesli ladanum, mastix a masti. Táhli s tím dolů do Egypta.26 Juda řekl bratrům: „Čeho tím dosáhneme, když svého bratra zabijeme a jeho krev zatajíme?27 Pojďte, prodejme ho Izmaelcům, ale sami na něho nesahejme; vždyť je to náš rodný bratr.“ Bratři ho uposlechli.28 Když midjánští obchodníci jeli kolem, vytáhli Josefa z cisterny a prodali ho Izmaelcům za dvacet šekelů stříbra. Ti přivedli Josefa do Egypta.29 Když se Rúben vrátil k cisterně, vidí, že tam Josef není. Roztrhl své roucho,30 vrátil se k bratrům a naříkal: „Ten hoch tam není. Co si jen, co si jen počnu?“ 31 Tu vzali bratři Josefovu suknici, porazili kozla a suknici namočili v krvi.32 Tu pestře tkanou suknici pak dali donést otci se vzkazem: „Tohle jsme nalezli. Pozorně si to prosím prohlédni: Je to suknice tvého syna, nebo není?“33 Když si ji prohlédl, zvolal: „Suknice mého syna! Sežrala ho divá zvěř! Rozsápán, rozsápán je Josef!“34 I roztrhl Jákob svůj šat, přes bedra přehodil žíněné roucho a truchlil pro syna mnoho dní.35 Přišli všichni jeho synové a všechny jeho dcery, aby ho potěšili, ale on se potěšit nedal. Naříkal: „Ve smutku sestoupím za synem do podsvětí.“ Tak oplakával otec Josefa.36 A Medanci ho prodali do Egypta faraónovu dvořanu Potífarovi, veliteli tělesné stráže.
1Jacob lived in the land of his father’s sojournings, in the land of Canaan. (Gn 36,7)2These are the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was pasturing the flock with his brothers. He was a boy with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s wives. And Joseph brought a bad report of them to their father. (1S 2,23)3Now Israel loved Joseph more than any other of his sons, because he was the son of his old age. And he made him a robe of many colors.[1] (Gn 37,23; Gn 37,32; Gn 44,20)4But when his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, they hated him and could not speak peacefully to him.5Now Joseph had a dream, and when he told it to his brothers they hated him even more.6He said to them, “Hear this dream that I have dreamed:7Behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and stood upright. And behold, your sheaves gathered around it and bowed down to my sheaf.” (Gn 42,6; Gn 42,9; Gn 43,26; Gn 44,14)8His brothers said to him, “Are you indeed to reign over us? Or are you indeed to rule over us?” So they hated him even more for his dreams and for his words.9Then he dreamed another dream and told it to his brothers and said, “Behold, I have dreamed another dream. Behold, the sun, the moon, and eleven stars were bowing down to me.”10But when he told it to his father and to his brothers, his father rebuked him and said to him, “What is this dream that you have dreamed? Shall I and your mother and your brothers indeed come to bow ourselves to the ground before you?” (Gn 35,18; Gn 37,7; Gn 37,9)11And his brothers were jealous of him, but his father kept the saying in mind. (L 2,19; L 2,51; Sk 7,9)
Joseph Sold by His Brothers
12Now his brothers went to pasture their father’s flock near Shechem. (Gn 33,18)13And Israel said to Joseph, “Are not your brothers pasturing the flock at Shechem? Come, I will send you to them.” And he said to him, “Here I am.”14So he said to him, “Go now, see if it is well with your brothers and with the flock, and bring me word.” So he sent him from the Valley of Hebron, and he came to Shechem. (Gn 13,18; Gn 35,27)15And a man found him wandering in the fields. And the man asked him, “What are you seeking?”16“I am seeking my brothers,” he said. “Tell me, please, where they are pasturing the flock.”17And the man said, “They have gone away, for I heard them say, ‘Let us go to Dothan.’” So Joseph went after his brothers and found them at Dothan. (2Kr 6,13)18They saw him from afar, and before he came near to them they conspired against him to kill him. (Ž 37,12; Ž 37,32)19They said to one another, “Here comes this dreamer.20Come now, let us kill him and throw him into one of the pits.[2] Then we will say that a fierce animal has devoured him, and we will see what will become of his dreams.” (Gn 37,26)21But when Reuben heard it, he rescued him out of their hands, saying, “Let us not take his life.” (Gn 42,22)22And Reuben said to them, “Shed no blood; throw him into this pit here in the wilderness, but do not lay a hand on him”—that he might rescue him out of their hand to restore him to his father. (Gn 37,29)23So when Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped him of his robe, the robe of many colors that he wore. (Gn 37,3)24And they took him and threw him into a pit. The pit was empty; there was no water in it. (Jr 38,6; Pl 3,53)25Then they sat down to eat. And looking up they saw a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead, with their camels bearing gum, balm, and myrrh, on their way to carry it down to Egypt. (Gn 37,28; Gn 37,36; Gn 39,1; Gn 43,11; Jb 6,19; Iz 21,13; Jr 8,22; Jr 46,11)26Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is it if we kill our brother and conceal his blood? (Gn 37,20)27Come, let us sell him to the Ishmaelites, and let not our hand be upon him, for he is our brother, our own flesh.” And his brothers listened to him. (1S 18,17)28Then Midianite traders passed by. And they drew Joseph up and lifted him out of the pit, and sold him to the Ishmaelites for twenty shekels[3] of silver. They took Joseph to Egypt. (Gn 37,36; Gn 45,4; Sd 8,22; Sd 8,24; Ž 105,17; Sk 7,9)29When Reuben returned to the pit and saw that Joseph was not in the pit, he tore his clothes (Gn 44,13; Nu 14,6; 2S 1,11; 2S 3,31; Jb 1,20)30and returned to his brothers and said, “The boy is gone, and I, where shall I go?” (Gn 42,13; Gn 42,32; Gn 42,36; Gn 44,31; Jr 31,15; Pl 5,7)31Then they took Joseph’s robe and slaughtered a goat and dipped the robe in the blood. (Gn 37,23)32And they sent the robe of many colors and brought it to their father and said, “This we have found; please identify whether it is your son’s robe or not.”33And he identified it and said, “It is my son’s robe. A fierce animal has devoured him. Joseph is without doubt torn to pieces.” (Gn 37,20; Gn 44,28)34Then Jacob tore his garments and put sackcloth on his loins and mourned for his son many days.35All his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted and said, “No, I shall go down to Sheol to my son, mourning.” Thus his father wept for him. (Gn 42,38; Gn 44,29; Gn 44,31; 2S 12,17)36Meanwhile the Midianites had sold him in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, the captain of the guard. (Gn 37,25; Gn 37,28; Gn 39,1; Gn 40,3; Gn 41,10; Gn 41,12)