1Někdy v té době se Juda oddělil od svých bratrů a uchýlil se k adulamskému muži jménem Chíra.2Tam Juda uviděl dceru jistého Kanaánce jménem Šua; vzal si ji tedy a spal s ní.3Ona počala, porodila syna a dala mu jméno Er.4Počala znovu, porodila syna a dala mu jméno Onan.5Potom porodila ještě dalšího syna a dala mu jméno Šela. A když ho porodila, byl Juda v Kezíbu.6Juda pak svému prvorozenému Erovi vybral manželku jménem Támar.7Er, Judův prvorozený, však byl Hospodinu odporný a Hospodin ho nechal zemřít.8Juda tedy řekl Onanovi: „Spi s manželkou svého bratra. Splň švagrovskou povinnost a vzbuď svému bratru potomka.“9Onan však věděl, že by ten potomek nebyl jeho. Kdykoli proto spal s manželkou svého bratra, vypouštěl semeno na zem, aby svému bratrovi nedal potomka.10To, co dělal, však bylo Hospodinu odporné, a tak nechal zemřít i jeho.11Tehdy Juda řekl své snaše Támar: „Zůstaň jako vdova v domě svého otce, dokud nedospěje můj syn Šela.“ (Řekl si totiž: „Aby snad nezemřel jako jeho bratři.“) Támar tedy odešla a zůstala v domě svého otce.12Po dlouhé době Judova manželka, dcera Šuova, zemřela. Když se Juda po její smrti utěšil, odešel se svým adulamským přítelem Chírou na slavnost stříhání svých ovcí do Timny.13Támar bylo oznámeno: „Hle, tvůj tchán jde vzhůru do Timny stříhat své ovce.“14Odložila tedy své vdovské šaty, vzala si závoj a zahalila se. Potom si sedla u vstupu do Enajim, což je po cestě do Timny. (Viděla totiž, že Šela je dospělý a že za něj nebyla provdána.)15A když ji Juda uviděl, považoval ji za nevěstku, neboť měla zahalenou tvář.16Uchýlil se tedy cestou k ní a řekl: „Chci se s tebou vyspat.“ (Nevěděl totiž, že je to jeho snacha.) Zeptala se: „Co mi za to dáš?“17Odpověděl: „Pošlu ti kůzle ze svého stáda.“ Ona na to: „Než je pošleš, musíš dát něco do zástavy.“18Zeptal se: „Co ti mám dát do zástavy?“ Odpověděla: „Své pečetidlo, šňůru a hůl, co máš v ruce.“ Dal jí to, vyspal se s ní a ona otěhotněla.19Potom vstala a odešla, odložila závoj a oblékla si své vdovské šaty.20Juda poslal to kůzle po svém adulamském příteli. Měl od té ženy vyzvednout zástavu, ale nemohl ji najít.21Vyptával se místních mužů: „Kde je ta prostitutka, co seděla v Enajim u cesty?“ Řekli mu ale: „Tady žádná prostitutka nikdy nebyla.“22A tak se vrátil k Judovi se slovy: „Nemohl jsem ji najít. Místní muži mi navíc řekli, že tam žádná prostitutka nikdy nebyla.“23Juda odpověděl: „Ať si to tedy nechá, abychom neměli ostudu. To kůzle jsem jí přece poslal, ale tys ji nemohl najít.“24Asi za tři měsíce bylo Judovi oznámeno: „Tvoje snacha Támar se zachovala jako nevěstka! Dokonce už je z toho smilstva těhotná!“ Juda řekl: „Vyveďte ji ven, ať je upálena!“25Už ji vedli, když vtom poslala svému tchánovi vzkaz: „Jsem těhotná s mužem, jemuž patří tyto věci!“ Dodala: „Poznáváš toto pečetidlo, šňůru a hůl?“26Když Juda ty věci poznal, zvolal: „Ona je spravedlivější než já – vždyť jsem ji nechtěl provdat za svého syna Šelu!“ A víckrát s ní už nespal.27Když pak přišel čas jejího porodu, hle, v jejím lůnu byla dvojčata.28Během porodu jeden syn vystrčil ruku. Porodní bába ho za ni chytila a uvázala na ni červenou nit se slovy: „Tento vyšel první.“29On ji však zase vtáhl zpět a hle, ven vyšel jeho bratr. Řekla tedy: „Jakou trhlinou ses prodral?“ A tak dostal jméno Peres, Průlom.30Když potom vyšel jeho bratr s onou červenou nití na ruce, dostal jméno Zerach, Červánek.
1It happened at that time that Judah went down from his brothers and turned aside to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah. (Gn 19,3; Gn 38,16; 1S 22,1; 2S 23,13; 2Kr 4,8; 1Pa 11,15; Mi 1,15)2There Judah saw the daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was Shua. He took her and went in to her, (1Pa 2,3)3and she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name Er. (Gn 46,12; Nu 26,19)4She conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name Onan. (Gn 38,3)5Yet again she bore a son, and she called his name Shelah. Judah[1] was in Chezib when she bore him. (Gn 38,3)6And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.7But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord, and the Lord put him to death. (1Pa 2,3)8Then Judah said to Onan, “Go in to your brother’s wife and perform the duty of a brother-in-law to her, and raise up offspring for your brother.” (Dt 25,5; Mt 22,24; Mk 12,19; L 20,28)9But Onan knew that the offspring would not be his. So whenever he went in to his brother’s wife he would waste the semen on the ground, so as not to give offspring to his brother.10And what he did was wicked in the sight of the Lord, and he put him to death also.11Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, “Remain a widow in your father’s house, till Shelah my son grows up”—for he feared that he would die, like his brothers. So Tamar went and remained in her father’s house. (Lv 22,13; Rt 1,12)12In the course of time the wife of Judah, Shua’s daughter, died. When Judah was comforted, he went up to Timnah to his sheepshearers, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. (Gn 24,67; Gn 37,35; Sd 14,1; 2S 13,39)13And when Tamar was told, “Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep,”14she took off her widow’s garments and covered herself with a veil, wrapping herself up, and sat at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah. For she saw that Shelah was grown up, and she had not been given to him in marriage. (Gn 24,65; Gn 38,19; Gn 38,21; Gn 38,26)15When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.16He turned to her at the roadside and said, “Come, let me come in to you,” for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, “What will you give me, that you may come in to me?”17He answered, “I will send you a young goat from the flock.” And she said, “If you give me a pledge, until you send it—”18He said, “What pledge shall I give you?” She replied, “Your signet and your cord and your staff that is in your hand.” So he gave them to her and went in to her, and she conceived by him. (Gn 38,25)19Then she arose and went away, and taking off her veil she put on the garments of her widowhood. (Gn 38,14)20When Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite to take back the pledge from the woman’s hand, he did not find her.21And he asked the men of the place, “Where is the cult prostitute[2] who was at Enaim at the roadside?” And they said, “No cult prostitute has been here.” (Gn 38,14)22So he returned to Judah and said, “I have not found her. Also, the men of the place said, ‘No cult prostitute has been here.’”23And Judah replied, “Let her keep the things as her own, or we shall be laughed at. You see, I sent this young goat, and you did not find her.”24About three months later Judah was told, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has been immoral.[3] Moreover, she is pregnant by immorality.”[4] And Judah said, “Bring her out, and let her be burned.” (Lv 21,9; Dt 22,21; Sd 19,2; J 8,5)25As she was being brought out, she sent word to her father-in-law, “By the man to whom these belong, I am pregnant.” And she said, “Please identify whose these are, the signet and the cord and the staff.” (Gn 38,18)26Then Judah identified them and said, “She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not know her again. (Gn 38,14; 1S 24,17)27When the time of her labor came, there were twins in her womb.28And when she was in labor, one put out a hand, and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, “This one came out first.”29But as he drew back his hand, behold, his brother came out. And she said, “What a breach you have made for yourself!” Therefore his name was called Perez.[5] (Gn 46,12; Nu 26,20; 1Pa 2,4; Mt 1,3)30Afterward his brother came out with the scarlet thread on his hand, and his name was called Zerah. (Gn 38,29)