1On the twenty-fourth day of the same month, the Israelites gathered together, fasting and wearing sackcloth and putting dust on their heads.2Those of Israelite descent had separated themselves from all foreigners. They stood in their places and confessed their sins and the sins of their ancestors.3They stood where they were and read from the Book of the Law of the Lord their God for a quarter of the day, and spent another quarter in confession and in worshipping the Lord their God.4Standing on the stairs of the Levites were Jeshua, Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani and Kenani. They cried out with loud voices to the Lord their God.5And the Levites – Jeshua, Kadmiel, Bani, Hashabneiah, Sherebiah, Hodiah, Shebaniah and Pethahiah – said: ‘Stand up and praise the Lord your God, who is from everlasting to everlasting.[1]’ ‘Blessed be your glorious name, and may it be exalted above all blessing and praise.6You alone are the Lord. You made the heavens, even the highest heavens, and all their starry host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them. You give life to everything, and the multitudes of heaven worship you.7‘You are the Lord God, who chose Abram and brought him out of Ur of the Chaldeans and named him Abraham.8You found his heart faithful to you, and you made a covenant with him to give to his descendants the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Jebusites and Girgashites. You have kept your promise because you are righteous.9‘You saw the suffering of our ancestors in Egypt; you heard their cry at the Red Sea.[2]10You sent signs and wonders against Pharaoh, against all his officials and all the people of his land, for you knew how arrogantly the Egyptians treated them. You made a name for yourself, which remains to this day.11You divided the sea before them, so that they passed through it on dry ground, but you hurled their pursuers into the depths, like a stone into mighty waters.12By day you led them with a pillar of cloud, and by night with a pillar of fire to give them light on the way they were to take.13‘You came down on Mount Sinai; you spoke to them from heaven. You gave them regulations and laws that are just and right, and decrees and commands that are good.14You made known to them your holy Sabbath and gave them commands, decrees and laws through your servant Moses.15In their hunger you gave them bread from heaven and in their thirst you brought them water from the rock; you told them to go in and take possession of the land you had sworn with uplifted hand to give them.16‘But they, our ancestors, became arrogant and stiff-necked, and they did not obey your commands.17They refused to listen and failed to remember the miracles you performed among them. They became stiff-necked and in their rebellion appointed a leader in order to return to their slavery. But you are a forgiving God, gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abounding in love. Therefore you did not desert them,18even when they cast for themselves an image of a calf and said, “This is your god, who brought you up out of Egypt,” or when they committed awful blasphemies.19‘Because of your great compassion you did not abandon them in the wilderness. By day the pillar of cloud did not fail to guide them on their path, nor the pillar of fire by night to shine on the way they were to take.20You gave your good Spirit to instruct them. You did not withhold your manna from their mouths, and you gave them water for their thirst.21For forty years you sustained them in the wilderness; they lacked nothing, their clothes did not wear out nor did their feet become swollen.22‘You gave them kingdoms and nations, allotting to them even the remotest frontiers. They took over the country of Sihon[3] king of Heshbon and the country of Og king of Bashan.23You made their children as numerous as the stars in the sky, and you brought them into the land that you told their parents to enter and possess.24Their children went in and took possession of the land. You subdued before them the Canaanites, who lived in the land; you gave the Canaanites into their hands, along with their kings and the peoples of the land, to deal with them as they pleased.25They captured fortified cities and fertile land; they took possession of houses filled with all kinds of good things, wells already dug, vineyards, olive groves and fruit trees in abundance. They ate to the full and were well-nourished; they revelled in your great goodness.26‘But they were disobedient and rebelled against you; they turned their backs on your law. They killed your prophets, who had warned them in order to turn them back to you; they committed awful blasphemies.27So you delivered them into the hands of their enemies, who oppressed them. But when they were oppressed they cried out to you. From heaven you heard them, and in your great compassion you gave them deliverers, who rescued them from the hand of their enemies.28‘But as soon as they were at rest, they again did what was evil in your sight. Then you abandoned them to the hand of their enemies so that they ruled over them. And when they cried out to you again, you heard from heaven, and in your compassion you delivered them time after time.29‘You warned them in order to turn them back to your law, but they became arrogant and disobeyed your commands. They sinned against your ordinances, of which you said, “The person who obeys them will live by them.” Stubbornly they turned their backs on you, became stiff-necked and refused to listen.30For many years you were patient with them. By your Spirit you warned them through your prophets. Yet they paid no attention, so you gave them into the hands of the neighbouring peoples.31But in your great mercy you did not put an end to them or abandon them, for you are a gracious and merciful God.32‘Now therefore, our God, the great God, mighty and awesome, who keeps his covenant of love, do not let all this hardship seem trifling in your eyes – the hardship that has come on us, on our kings and leaders, on our priests and prophets, on our ancestors and all your people, from the days of the kings of Assyria until today.33In all that has happened to us, you have remained righteous; you have acted faithfully, while we acted wickedly.34Our kings, our leaders, our priests and our ancestors did not follow your law; they did not pay attention to your commands or the statutes you warned them to keep.35Even while they were in their kingdom, enjoying your great goodness to them in the spacious and fertile land you gave them, they did not serve you or turn from their evil ways.36‘But see, we are slaves today, slaves in the land you gave our ancestors so that they could eat its fruit and the other good things it produces.37Because of our sins, its abundant harvest goes to the kings you have placed over us. They rule over our bodies and our cattle as they please. We are in great distress.
The agreement of the people
38‘In view of all this, we are making a binding agreement, putting it in writing, and our leaders, our Levites and our priests are affixing their seals to it.’[4]
Nehemiah 9
English Standard Version
The People of Israel Confess Their Sin
1Now on the twenty-fourth day of this month the people of Israel were assembled with fasting and in sackcloth, and with earth on their heads. (Jos 7:6; 1Sa 7:6; 2Sa 3:31; Ne 8:2)2And the Israelites[1] separated themselves from all foreigners and stood and confessed their sins and the iniquities of their fathers. (Ezr 6:21; Ezr 10:11; Ne 10:28; Ne 13:3; Ne 13:30)3And they stood up in their place and read from the Book of the Law of the Lord their God for a quarter of the day; for another quarter of it they made confession and worshiped the Lord their God. (Ne 8:7)4On the stairs of the Levites stood Jeshua, Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani, and Chenani; and they cried with a loud voice to the Lord their God. (Ne 8:7)5Then the Levites, Jeshua, Kadmiel, Bani, Hashabneiah, Sherebiah, Hodiah, Shebaniah, and Pethahiah, said, “Stand up and bless the Lord your God from everlasting to everlasting. Blessed be your glorious name, which is exalted above all blessing and praise. (1Ch 29:13)6[2] “You are the Lord, you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them; and you preserve all of them; and the host of heaven worships you. (Ge 1:1; Ge 2:1; De 10:14; 2Ki 19:15; Ps 36:6)7You are the Lord, the God who chose Abram and brought him out of Ur of the Chaldeans and gave him the name Abraham. (Ge 11:31; Ge 17:5)8You found his heart faithful before you, and made with him the covenant to give to his offspring the land of the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Jebusite, and the Girgashite. And you have kept your promise, for you are righteous. (Ge 12:7; Ge 15:6; Ge 15:18; Ge 17:7; Ex 13:5; Jos 23:14)9“And you saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt and heard their cry at the Red Sea, (Ex 3:7; Ex 14:10)10and performed signs and wonders against Pharaoh and all his servants and all the people of his land, for you knew that they acted arrogantly against our fathers. And you made a name for yourself, as it is to this day. (Ex 9:16; Ex 18:11; Isa 63:12; Isa 63:14; Jer 32:20; Da 9:15)11And you divided the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the sea on dry land, and you cast their pursuers into the depths, as a stone into mighty waters. (Ex 14:21; Ex 14:27; Ex 15:5; Ex 15:10; Ps 78:13)12By a pillar of cloud you led them in the day, and by a pillar of fire in the night to light for them the way in which they should go. (Ex 13:21; Nu 14:14; Ne 9:19; 1Co 10:1)13You came down on Mount Sinai and spoke with them from heaven and gave them right rules and true laws, good statutes and commandments, (Ex 19:20; Ex 20:1; Ps 19:8; Ro 7:12)14and you made known to them your holy Sabbath and commanded them commandments and statutes and a law by Moses your servant. (Ge 2:2; Ex 16:23; Ex 20:8; Eze 20:12; Eze 20:20)15You gave them bread from heaven for their hunger and brought water for them out of the rock for their thirst, and you told them to go in to possess the land that you had sworn to give them. (Ex 16:14; Ex 17:6; Nu 20:10; De 1:8; Ps 78:15; Ps 78:25; Ps 105:40; Ps 105:41; Joh 6:31; 1Co 10:3; 1Co 10:4)16“But they and our fathers acted presumptuously and stiffened their neck and did not obey your commandments. (Ex 18:11)17They refused to obey and were not mindful of the wonders that you performed among them, but they stiffened their neck and appointed a leader to return to their slavery in Egypt.[3] But you are a God ready to forgive, gracious and merciful, slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love, and did not forsake them. (Ex 34:6; Nu 14:18; Ne 9:31; Ps 78:11; Ps 78:42; Ps 86:5; Ps 86:15; Joe 2:13)18Even when they had made for themselves a golden[4] calf and said, ‘This is your God who brought you up out of Egypt,’ and had committed great blasphemies, (Ex 32:4; Ne 9:26; Ps 78:41; Ps 78:58; Ps 106:19; Ac 7:41; Heb 3:15)19you in your great mercies did not forsake them in the wilderness. The pillar of cloud to lead them in the way did not depart from them by day, nor the pillar of fire by night to light for them the way by which they should go. (Ne 9:12; Ne 9:27; Ne 9:31; Ps 106:45)20You gave your good Spirit to instruct them and did not withhold your manna from their mouth and gave them water for their thirst. (Ex 16:35; Nu 11:17; Ne 9:15; Isa 63:11)21Forty years you sustained them in the wilderness, and they lacked nothing. Their clothes did not wear out and their feet did not swell. (De 2:7)22“And you gave them kingdoms and peoples and allotted to them every corner. So they took possession of the land of Sihon king of Heshbon and the land of Og king of Bashan. (Nu 21:21; Nu 21:33)23You multiplied their children as the stars of heaven, and you brought them into the land that you had told their fathers to enter and possess. (Ge 15:5; Ge 22:17)24So the descendants went in and possessed the land, and you subdued before them the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, and gave them into their hand, with their kings and the peoples of the land, that they might do with them as they would. (Ps 44:2)25And they captured fortified cities and a rich land, and took possession of houses full of all good things, cisterns already hewn, vineyards, olive orchards and fruit trees in abundance. So they ate and were filled and became fat and delighted themselves in your great goodness. (Nu 13:20; Nu 13:27; De 3:5; De 6:11; De 8:7; De 9:1; De 32:15; Jos 10:20; Jos 14:12; Ne 9:35; Eze 20:6; Ho 3:5)26“Nevertheless, they were disobedient and rebelled against you and cast your law behind their back and killed your prophets, who had warned them in order to turn them back to you, and they committed great blasphemies. (Jud 2:11; 1Ki 14:9; 1Ki 18:4; 1Ki 19:10; 2Ch 24:20; Ne 9:18; Ne 9:30; Ps 50:17; Eze 20:21; Mt 23:37; Ac 7:52)27Therefore you gave them into the hand of their enemies, who made them suffer. And in the time of their suffering they cried out to you and you heard them from heaven, and according to your great mercies you gave them saviors who saved them from the hand of their enemies. (Jud 2:14; Jud 2:16; Jud 3:9; Ps 106:41; Ps 106:44)28But after they had rest they did evil again before you, and you abandoned them to the hand of their enemies, so that they had dominion over them. Yet when they turned and cried to you, you heard from heaven, and many times you delivered them according to your mercies. (Jud 3:11; Jud 3:30; Jud 4:1; Jud 5:31; Jud 6:1; Ps 106:43)29And you warned them in order to turn them back to your law. Yet they acted presumptuously and did not obey your commandments, but sinned against your rules, which if a person does them, he shall live by them, and they turned a stubborn shoulder and stiffened their neck and would not obey. (Le 18:5; Ne 9:10; Ne 9:16; Ne 9:26; Zec 7:11)30Many years you bore with them and warned them by your Spirit through your prophets. Yet they would not give ear. Therefore you gave them into the hand of the peoples of the lands. (2Ki 17:13; Ezr 9:7; Ne 9:26; Ne 9:29; Ne 9:34; Isa 42:24; Ac 7:51; Ac 13:18; 1Pe 1:10; 2Pe 1:21)31Nevertheless, in your great mercies you did not make an end of them or forsake them, for you are a gracious and merciful God. (Ne 9:17; Ne 9:19; Ne 9:27; Jer 4:27; Jer 5:10; Jer 5:18)32“Now, therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love, let not all the hardship seem little to you that has come upon us, upon our kings, our princes, our priests, our prophets, our fathers, and all your people, since the time of the kings of Assyria until this day. (De 7:21; 2Ki 17:3; Ne 1:5)33Yet you have been righteous in all that has come upon us, for you have dealt faithfully and we have acted wickedly. (Ezr 9:15; Ps 106:6; Da 9:5)34Our kings, our princes, our priests, and our fathers have not kept your law or paid attention to your commandments and your warnings that you gave them.35Even in their own kingdom, and amid your great goodness that you gave them, and in the large and rich land that you set before them, they did not serve you or turn from their wicked works. (De 28:47; Ne 9:25)36Behold, we are slaves this day; in the land that you gave to our fathers to enjoy its fruit and its good gifts, behold, we are slaves. (Ezr 9:9)37And its rich yield goes to the kings whom you have set over us because of our sins. They rule over our bodies and over our livestock as they please, and we are in great distress. (De 28:33; De 28:51)38[5] “Because of all this we make a firm covenant in writing; on the sealed document are the names of[6] our princes, our Levites, and our priests. (2Ki 23:3; 2Ch 29:10; 2Ch 34:31; Ezr 10:3; Ne 10:1; Ne 10:29)