1At that time, Judah left his brothers and went down to stay with a man of Adullam named Hirah.2There Judah met the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua. He married her and made love to her;3she became pregnant and gave birth to a son, who was named Er.4She conceived again and gave birth to a son and named him Onan.5She gave birth to still another son and named him Shelah. It was at Kezib that she gave birth to him.6Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.7But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death.8Then Judah said to Onan, ‘Sleep with your brother’s wife and fulfil your duty to her as a brother-in-law to raise up offspring for your brother.’9But Onan knew that the child would not be his; so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to avoid providing offspring for his brother.10What he did was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death also.11Judah then said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, ‘Live as a widow in your father’s household until my son Shelah grows up.’ For he thought, ‘He may die too, just like his brothers.’ So Tamar went to live in her father’s household.12After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua, died. When Judah had recovered from his grief, he went up to Timnah, to the men who were shearing his sheep, and his friend Hirah the Adullamite went with him.13When Tamar was told, ‘Your father-in-law is on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep,’14she took off her widow’s clothes, covered herself with a veil to disguise herself, and then sat down at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah. For she saw that, though Shelah had now grown up, she had not been given to him as his wife.15When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.16Not realising that she was his daughter-in-law, he went over to her by the roadside and said, ‘Come now, let me sleep with you.’ ‘And what will you give me to sleep with you?’ she asked.17‘I’ll send you a young goat from my flock,’ he said. ‘Will you give me something as a pledge until you send it?’ she asked.18He said, ‘What pledge should I give you?’ ‘Your seal and its cord, and the staff in your hand,’ she answered. So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.19After she left, she took off her veil and put on her widow’s clothes again.20Meanwhile Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite in order to get his pledge back from the woman, but he did not find her.21He asked the men who lived there, ‘Where is the shrine-prostitute who was beside the road at Enaim?’ ‘There hasn’t been any shrine-prostitute here,’ they said.22So he went back to Judah and said, ‘I didn’t find her. Besides, the men who lived there said, “There hasn’t been any shrine-prostitute here.” ’23Then Judah said, ‘Let her keep what she has, or we will become a laughing-stock. After all, I did send her this young goat, but you didn’t find her.’24About three months later Judah was told, ‘Your daughter-in-law Tamar is guilty of prostitution, and as a result she is now pregnant.’ Judah said, ‘Bring her out and let her be burned to death!’25As she was being brought out, she sent a message to her father-in-law. ‘I am pregnant by the man who owns these,’ she said. And she added, ‘See if you recognise whose seal and cord and staff these are.’26Judah recognised them and said, ‘She is more righteous than I, since I wouldn’t give her to my son Shelah.’ And he did not sleep with her again.27When the time came for her to give birth, there were twin boys in her womb.28As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife took a scarlet thread and tied it on his wrist and said, ‘This one came out first.’29But when he drew back his hand, his brother came out, and she said, ‘So this is how you have broken out!’ And he was named Perez.[1]30Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread on his wrist, came out. And he was named Zerah.[2]
Genesis 38
English Standard Version
Judah and Tamar
1It happened at that time that Judah went down from his brothers and turned aside to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah. (Ge 19:3; Ge 38:16; 1Sa 22:1; 2Sa 23:13; 2Ki 4:8; 1Ch 11:15; Mic 1:15)2There Judah saw the daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was Shua. He took her and went in to her, (1Ch 2:3)3and she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name Er. (Ge 46:12; Nu 26:19)4She conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name Onan. (Ge 38:3)5Yet again she bore a son, and she called his name Shelah. Judah[1] was in Chezib when she bore him. (Ge 38:3)6And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.7But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord, and the Lord put him to death. (1Ch 2:3)8Then Judah said to Onan, “Go in to your brother’s wife and perform the duty of a brother-in-law to her, and raise up offspring for your brother.” (De 25:5; Mt 22:24; Mr 12:19; Lu 20:28)9But Onan knew that the offspring would not be his. So whenever he went in to his brother’s wife he would waste the semen on the ground, so as not to give offspring to his brother.10And what he did was wicked in the sight of the Lord, and he put him to death also.11Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, “Remain a widow in your father’s house, till Shelah my son grows up”—for he feared that he would die, like his brothers. So Tamar went and remained in her father’s house. (Le 22:13; Ru 1:12)12In the course of time the wife of Judah, Shua’s daughter, died. When Judah was comforted, he went up to Timnah to his sheepshearers, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. (Ge 24:67; Ge 37:35; Jud 14:1; 2Sa 13:39)13And when Tamar was told, “Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep,”14she took off her widow’s garments and covered herself with a veil, wrapping herself up, and sat at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah. For she saw that Shelah was grown up, and she had not been given to him in marriage. (Ge 24:65; Ge 38:19; Ge 38:21; Ge 38:26)15When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.16He turned to her at the roadside and said, “Come, let me come in to you,” for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, “What will you give me, that you may come in to me?”17He answered, “I will send you a young goat from the flock.” And she said, “If you give me a pledge, until you send it—”18He said, “What pledge shall I give you?” She replied, “Your signet and your cord and your staff that is in your hand.” So he gave them to her and went in to her, and she conceived by him. (Ge 38:25)19Then she arose and went away, and taking off her veil she put on the garments of her widowhood. (Ge 38:14)20When Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite to take back the pledge from the woman’s hand, he did not find her.21And he asked the men of the place, “Where is the cult prostitute[2] who was at Enaim at the roadside?” And they said, “No cult prostitute has been here.” (Ge 38:14)22So he returned to Judah and said, “I have not found her. Also, the men of the place said, ‘No cult prostitute has been here.’”23And Judah replied, “Let her keep the things as her own, or we shall be laughed at. You see, I sent this young goat, and you did not find her.”24About three months later Judah was told, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has been immoral.[3] Moreover, she is pregnant by immorality.”[4] And Judah said, “Bring her out, and let her be burned.” (Le 21:9; De 22:21; Jud 19:2; Joh 8:5)25As she was being brought out, she sent word to her father-in-law, “By the man to whom these belong, I am pregnant.” And she said, “Please identify whose these are, the signet and the cord and the staff.” (Ge 38:18)26Then Judah identified them and said, “She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not know her again. (Ge 38:14; 1Sa 24:17)27When the time of her labor came, there were twins in her womb.28And when she was in labor, one put out a hand, and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, “This one came out first.”29But as he drew back his hand, behold, his brother came out. And she said, “What a breach you have made for yourself!” Therefore his name was called Perez.[5] (Ge 46:12; Nu 26:20; 1Ch 2:4; Mt 1:3)30Afterward his brother came out with the scarlet thread on his hand, and his name was called Zerah. (Ge 38:29)